TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Pagei Certificationii Dedicationiii Acknowledgementiv CHAPTER ONE Introduction to Dyes1-2 1.1Textile industry2-3 1.2 Textile waste water4-6 1.3Treatment of textile waste water6 1.3.1Physicochemical treatment6 1.3.2Biological treatment7-9 1.3.3Advanced treatment method9-13 CHAPTER TWO 2.0Application of nano-materials for treatment of textile wastewater14 2.1Photocatalysis14-15 2.1.1Removal of organic contaminants15-16 2.1.2Removal of inorganic contaminants16 2.1.3Remova...
ABSTRACT The study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the SADC Organ on Politics, Defence and Security in conflict transformation in Africa specifically looking at the case of the DRC armed conflicts and other peace threatening related cases. The study was prompted by the need for Africans to realize that togetherness and cooperation can lead to development in the region. This research was accomplished through qualitative methods of data collection and analysis, namely e-mailed questionn...
ABSTRACT Industrial waste water treatment covers the mechanisms and process used to treat water that have been contaminated in some way by anthropogenic industrial or commercial activities prior to its release into the environment or its re-use. Water is a natural and inorganic solvent with the composition of hydrogen and oxygen only (H20). When there is addition of other organic or inorganic, substances (high levels of nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorous) in water which may come as a re...
ABSTRACT A field trial was started in August 1994, during the minor cropping season to investigate the efficiency of four Landforms in the production of maize with special emphasis in phosphorus (P) management in Vertisols at three localities in the Accra Plains of the Coastal Savanna zone of Ghana. The four Land forms were: Flat, Ridged, Ethiopian and Cambered beds. Generally, the soils were low in available P. Raising available P levels in the soil by the addition of fertilizer led to sign...
ABSTRACT A field trial was started in August 1994, during the minor cropping season to investigate the efficiency of four Landforms in the production of maize with special emphasis in phosphorus (P) management in Vertisols at three localities in the Accra Plains of the Coastal Savanna zone of Ghana. The four Landforms were: Flat, Ridged, Ethiopian and Cambered beds. Generally, the soils were low in available P. Raising available P levels in the soil by the addition of fertilizer led to signif...
ABSTRACT This study analyses the performance of small-scale-tobacco producers under contract farming system and farmer characteristics that influences tobacco production in Songea district. The Specific objectives were: (i) To examine the cost and return of tobacco small-scale farmers under contract farming scheme in the study area; (ii) To assess the influence of contract farming characteristics on tobacco production; (iii) To examine the resource use efficiency in contract farming; (iv) T...
ABSTRACT Solid waste management has been a topical issue in the urban centres of most developing countries including Zimbabwe. This has posed serious environmental challenges in the cities of Zimbabwe. However, this issue has concentrated on solid waste management in the urban areas leaving out the rural areas. Solid waste generation in the rural areas has since increased both in quantity and quality due to modernization. Solid waste composition in the rural areas has been known to be dominat...
Abstract The essence of science education is to produce confident, self-employable, scientifically, and technically sound men and women. Unfortunately, the chemistry curriculum appears not to have achieved much of its objectives. These lapses might have been caused by non-availability and usability of chemistry laboratory facilities for teaching organic chemistry. It is against this background that this study examined the extent of availability and usability of chemistry laboratory facil...
Abstract In this dissertation two main themes are explored. In the first part some phenomenologies of light transport across the ZnO/Al/ZnO (ZAZ) thin film multilayer structures are investigated. The multilayered ZAZ thin film composite structures are explored for potential applications as transparent electrodes (TEs) alternatives to the costly transparent indium-doped-tin-oxide (ITO) anodes that are used currently in organic solar cells (OSCs), organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) and var...
ABSTRACT It is increasingly difficult to ignore the role of soil water management practices in watershed conservations. Watershed degradation has been a major intimidating problem in many catchments of developing countries, Tanzania inclusive. The general objective of this study was to analyze the limiting factors in soil water management practices of small holder farmers in Magamba sub-catchment of Lushoto District, Tanzania. Primary data was covered by use of structured questionnaire (for...
Abstract: The southern root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) is one of the highly polyphagous species of many cultivated plants. The losses associated with RKNs in small holder vegetable farms are not quantified but may range between 30-100% in tropical and subtropics. Application of broad spectrum nematicides is the common method of control and are to be highly toxic to humans and pollute the environment, hence the need for safer alternatives for small scale crop production systems. Bi...
ABSTRACT This study examined youth participation and productivity in cocoa farming in the Western North Cocoa Region of Ghana using primary data from 958 respondents through the field assistance of Solidaridad West Africa. Systematic and purposive sampling techniques were used to sample 588 youth (35years) from Sefwi Bekwai, Boako, Akontombra, Bodi and Asempaneye. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the distribution in the roles played by the youth in cocoa farming in the study are...
ABSTRACT This study examined youth participation and productivity in cocoa farming in the Western North Cocoa Region of Ghana using primary data from 958 respondents through the field assistance of Solidaridad West Africa. Systematic and purposive sampling techniques were used to sample 588 youth (35years) from Sefwi Bekwai, Boako, Akontombra, Bodi and Asempaneye. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the distribution in the roles played by the youth in cocoa farming in the study area...
ABSTRACT Banana farming is a practice carried out in many countries in the world for commercial and subsistence purpose. India is the world largest producer of banana and Uganda the second. However, Uganda is the leading producer of banana in Africa. On the other hand, Kenya is one of the countries practicing banana farming with several regions in the country growing the crop for subsistence and local markets. Meru County, specifically Imenti South sub-County, has embraced this activity ...
Abstract: Ethiopian smallholder farmers are the most vulnerable group of societyto the effects of climate variabilitybecause they have nature dependent economic system. This study examinedtheeffects of climate variability on five major cereals yield,crop income and rural labor displacementin thecentral highlands and Arsi grain plough farming systems of Ethiopia. The seven round unbalanced panel data (1994-2009) collected by Ethiopian Rural Household Survey from 15 kebeles of the seven farmin...