Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the occurrence of fungal contamination in different samples of corn (zea mayes) grains in Narok Town. A total of 30 samples were analyzed by direct plating method on a quarter strength potato dextrose agar and focusing on mycotoxigenic fungi.pure cultures of Aspergillus isolates were sub cultured and transferred onto differential media; malt extract agar, czapek yeast extract and czapek dox agar for species identification. The colony were purifie...
ABSTRACT A laboratory evaluation of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) as wood preservative on sapwood of Triplochiton scleroxylon test blocks sawn into 20mm x 20mm x 300mm sizes against Trametes cingulata and Lentinus lepideus was studied using crushing method. The crude extract was diluted with n-hexane, volume for volume. Four levels of CNSL concentration were tested at 4%, 8%, 12% and 16%. The treated test blocks and control test blocks were exposed to the infection regions of the pathogens i...
Abstract: Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) belongs to the family Musaceae, and is one of the oldest cultivated herbaceous and monocarpic banana-like food security crops in Ethiopia. Microbes which colonize living internal tissues of plants without causing any harm to their host can be used for testing their antioxidant potential under controlled conditions. These microbes protect their hosts from adverse conditions by secreting bioactive secondary metabolites. Therefor, the presen...
ABSTRACT Seven Aspergillus species, A. clavatus, A. flavus, A. Lutn i qe tus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. sulphureus and A. ustus have been used to investigate the role of three Coleopteran insect pests, namely, Cal.1osobrochus macula tus, st tophiJ. us zeamais and 'rribo tium castaneum in the persistance and spread of contaminant fungi among grains of maize (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa) and seeds of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) a nd cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). The Aspergi11us sp...
Abstract Rhizosphere studies of two local green vegetables, Celpsia argentea Linn and Hibiscus esculentus. Linn (new name Abelmoschus esculentus) were studied from vegetative stage to senescence. The viable seeds of both vegetables were collected and planted on garden beds made from sandy loam soil. Samples were collected at two-week intervals at 9.00 hrs in the the morning. Morphologically, A. esculentus (okra) had 3 leaves with more dense rooting system at 2 weeks than C.argentea (solo) wit...
Abstract This research was carried out to study the mycological deterioration of stored maize in different storage facilities within Enugu metropolis. The study was carried out in some selected markets and homes in Enugu State, Nigeria this involved a cross-sectional study which covered four (4) different market locations (Akwata, Gariki, New market, Abakpa market and two (2) different homes (Thinkers corner and Ugwuaji) with different storage methods (storage in gallons and in kitchen chimne...
ABSTRACT Sugarcane smut disease caused by a fungus Sporisorium scitamineum is a limiting factor to cane production in Kenya. It is threatening the sugar industry due to its effect on cane quality and yields. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is known to have microbial organisms associated with its rhizosphere with potential antagonistic activity against the fungus, however numerous studies on rhizosphere microbial diversity and their antagonistic activity against fungal plant pathogens hav...
ABSTRACT Sugarcane smut disease caused by a fungus Sporisorium scitamineum is a limiting factor to cane production in Kenya. It is threatening the sugar industry due to its effect on cane quality and yields. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is known to have microbial organisms associated with its rhizosphere with potential antagonistic activity against the fungus, however numerous studies on rhizosphere microbial diversity and their antagonistic activity against fungal plant pathogens hav...
Abstract The susceptibility of third install larvae of Helicoverpa armigers to 7 strains of 3 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) species ie Bueauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae (M.a) and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (P.Fr) was tested under laboratory conditions. Three best performing strains in 3 species/strains ie B. Bassiana 124, M. Anisopliae 79 and P. Fumosoroseus 14 were selected to examine their effectiveness against different larval and pupal stages of H. armigera. Sublethal doses were d...
ABSTRACT Microbial examination of spoilt Avocado fruits was carried out to obtained the causal organism. A total of 60 avocado from Ogbete Main market and New market Enugu were examined by culturing on nutrient agar and sabourand dextrose agar (SM), for bacteria and fungi causing post – harvest spoilage on the fruits; six bacterial species and six fungal species were isolated. The bacteria include Erwinia SP (66.7%), Streptococcus sp, *25%), E. Coli (18.9%) and staphycoccus sp ...
Abstract: Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties are the biological activity of natural compoundsisolated from medicinal plants that are rich source of novel drugs. Endophytic fungi are a potential source of novel bioactive compounds. The present study investigates antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of endophytic fungi from fennel (Insilali) seeds and leaves. The antioxidant activity was conducted based on determination of phenolic content, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and hydrogen...
ABSTRACT Aflasafe KE01 is a biological control product comprising of four atoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus which are native in Kenya. This study determined the efficacy of Aflasafe KE01 on the population of aflatoxin producing fungi and aflatoxin contamination of maize in alternate seasons. Field efficacy trials were carried out in aflatoxin hot spots in Kathiani and Wote sub Counties in lower Eastern Kenya. Twenty four maize fields were selected at random in each Sub County where 12 ...
Abstract: Soil is the primary reservoir for fungi of which Aspergillus and Fusarium species are the main causal agents of maize ear rot and mycotoxin production. Season and cropping systems are known to influence soil fungal community structure. It is imperative to establish the distribution and density of soil fungal communities as a requisite for formulating strategies for management of ear rot infections and mycotoxin contamination. The current study was carried out to investigate the dis...
Abstract The soda lakes of Kenya provide an extreme environment where diverse groups of microorganisms thrive. They are characterized by great variation in temperature, halophillic and alkaliphilic- extreme conditions. Lake Sonachi has been the study site for this research. The study sort to isolate, characterize and identify fungi, screen for potential exo-enzymes and secondary metabolites production that may be of industrial application. Malt extract agar was used in the isolation of fungi...
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to document the occurrence and characteristics of mycotic agents isolated from trade horses and donkeys in Obollo-Afor, Enugu State. A total of 497 horses and 65 donkeys presented for sale at Obollo-Afor horse/donkey market during the wet season (June to August 2014) and dry season (January to March 2015) were examined for skin lesions. For each horse/donkey examined, the location of skin lesion as well as the sex of the animal was recorded. Each skin lesion...