ABSTRACT Differential Item Functioning (DIF) is the different probability of responding to a test item by individuals with the same ability level, but from two different groups. The groups may be based on gender, race or disability. DIF can be detected by methods such as Mantel-Haenszel (MH) and Logistic Regression (LR) which classify DIF items into negligible, moderate, and large DIF. Conditions such as Sample size, Ability distribution and Test length may have a significant effect on DIF de...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to provide a working and lasting solution to the challenges being faced by the Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) at Criminal Investigations Department (CID), Central Criminal Bureau (CCB) in particular. To achieve the best results for this project, a number of methodologies, information gathering techniques and development tools were carefully used. The researcher used Interviews, Observations and Questionnaires to gather data from the users/CID officers...
ABSTRACT This study investigated management and support services provided for teachers of Lamashegu Circuit B public junior high schools by service providers. It sought to discover services actually provided at the time, challenges faced by both service providers and teachers, and solutions needed to address them. Purposive sampling was adopted to select 62 respondents, from whom data were collected, using a questionnaire with Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha reliabilities of .91 and .82. Retur...
ABSTRACT Local and indigenous communities depend on Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in a variety of ways. However, the absence of ready markets for these products limits their livelihood support potential and capacity to support environmental and climate change adaptation efforts. This study examined how the five livelihood capitals i.e. Financial, Social, Physical, Natural and Human (including market access, value chain and product quality standards) affect marketing systems for NTFPs an...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the social networks of the main actors in the organic food value chain in the tourism sector (ii) determine governance in the value chain of organic tomatoes and sweet peppers for the tourism sector in Arusha and Unguja and (iii) to evaluate production and transaction costs of actors in the organic tomatoes and sweet peppers value chain in Arusha and Unguja. The study was conducted in Arusha and Unguja. A preliminary survey...
ABSTRACT Rice is the second most important cereal in Tanzania and mostly used as a cash crop. The cultivated area of 681 000 ha represent 18% of Tanzania’s cultivated land. The general objective of this study was to examine the rice marketing chain in Mpanda district of Tanzania. Specifically, the study intended to carry out the value chain mapping; analyse economic efficiency of rice marketing system; assessing the distribution of gains and; examine the competitiveness criteria of rice mar...
ABSTRACT Every organization, be it primary, manufacturing, or service depends on materials and services to enhance its operations. Material requirements are either in their raw form, which are used as inputs in the manufacturing process or finished goods, which are used as consumables in the running of the organization. To ensure continuity of operations, organizations require systematic and regular supply of materials, which must be purchased and stocked to be issued, out when the need aris...
ABSTRACT The economic theory of the non-profit makings organization has witnessed significant progress in the last decades. the existence of non-profit making organizations has been attributed to a number of specific markets and government failures that creates the need for alternative institutional frameworks to perform some socially useful tasks. However, an important challenge faced by the evolving theory of this sector lies in taking account of the extraordinary heterogeneity and diversit...
This research is a study of the situational realities Nigeria has been plunged into in the aftermath of the COVID-19 global pandemic which translate into educational management crisis, following the decline in the surge of the global pandemic. The study investigates the present situation of systemic academic declension caused by the ripple effect of the pandemic in the educational sector. It forelays the ground for a plethora of chain-reaction of endemic crisis of educational management witne...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to relate waste management to community health, to test the null hypothesis, to confirm or deny the congenital malformations theory by Upton (1989); and to generate new information from the existing ones. The study was in Somali Community of East Leigh Sub-division in the central Kenya, Nairobi. The specific objectives of the study were: to find out the nature of wastes; to identify the waste management systems in the sub-division; to determine the effec...
ABSTRACT Agriculture for over fifty years now is regarded as the backbone of Tanzanian economy, and women are estimated to be involved as about 70 to 80 percent. Among the major crops cultivated, rice is the second most important crop after maize. In 2013, Tanzania is estimated to produce 883 tons of rice while consumption is about 1,006 tons, making Tanzania to be self sufficient for rice to the extent of only 91%, and to date it is ranking 14 in Africa and 137 in the World, and the second ...
TABLE OF CONTENTSDECLARATION iAPPROVAL iiDEDICATION iiiACKNOWLEDGEMENT ivTABLE OF CONTENTS vLIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVATIONS viiiABSTRACT ixCHAPTER ONE 11.0 Introduction 11.1 Background 11.2 Problem statement 21.3 Objectives 31.3.1 General Objective 31.3.2 Specific objectives 31.4 Research questions 41.5 Research scope 41.5.1 Geographical scope 41.5.2 Content scope 41.5.3 Time scope 41.6 Justification of the study 41.7 Conceptual framework 51.8 Operational definitions ofterms 6CHAPTER TWO 7L...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT The natural occurrence of aflatoxins and fumonisins in maize and beans at harvest, during storage and along the value chain, including processed, feed and marketed products in three villages of Long, Sabilo and Seloto in Babati District, Manyara region, Tanzania, was investigated in the year 2013/14. The villages were chosen as they represents three different climatic zone. Total aflatoxins and fumonisins contamination in 440 at harvest maize samples had levels up to 26.2 �...
ABSTRACT The study analysed value addition in commercial catfish (Clarias gariepinus Heterobranchus spp) production in Rivers State. The specific objectives were to: examine the socioeconomic characteristics of catfish producers in the study area, determine the costs, returns and profit to the various actors in the value addition, determine other sources of income to the catfish producers in the area and identify the constraints faced by the catfish producers in the area. Data were collected...
ABSTRACT The study analysed value addition in commercial catfish (Clarias gariepinus Heterobranchus spp) production in Rivers State. The specific objectives were to: examine the socioeconomic characteristics of catfish producers in the study area, determine the costs, returns and profit to the various actors in the value addition, determine other sources of income to the catfish producers in the area and identify the constraints faced by the catfish producers in the area. Data were collected...