ABSTRACT Raw camel milk production and marketing chain in Kenya was investigated for microbial infections and implications. Milk samples were taken using simple random sampling method in a clustered sampling plan. There were three cluster levels, the production, processing and market levels. Analysis of samples in the laboratory for enumeration and characterization was by standard methods as described in the methodology. Data analysis was done by Pearson correlation coefficient and chi-squar...
ABSTRACT Electricity continues to be a major contributor to the development of the economy of every country, Ghana not exempted. There is, therefore, growing interest to ensure that the supply of electricity meets the demand in all sectors of the Ghanaian economy. The economic costs and environmental issues underpinning electricity is, however, a huge bottleneck to the aspirations of Ghana as a country. The study seeks to explore a long-term (2018 to 2048) comprehensive energy supply strateg...
ABSTRACT Users of wood still have preferences despite increasing reduction in the availability of wood species. This study was therefore carried out to assess the users’ preferences for sawn wood species in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey study, which employed questionnaire and on-site observations, was used. A sample of 210 respondents was purposively selected from twenty one associations’ of sawn wood users comprising mixtures of active furniture makers and carpent...
Abstract: Bio-fuel production from agricultural, municipal, and industrial wastes through anaerobic digestion is meant for sustainable energy supply and eco-friendly waste management. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine biogas yield using Strigahermontica as a solo substrate and co- digestion with poultry manure. The experimental analysis revealed that there was variation among the pH values of the substrates before and after anaerobic digestion. The mean pH value of the ...
Abstract This study examines the dependency of rural communities on forest resources and their perceptions towards Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) in the Kavango West region of Namibia. The study also investigated the roles of communities in SFM. The study further examined the socioeconomic factors that influenced communities’ participation in SFM. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 239 randomly selected households in January and February 2019. The data collected w...
ABSTRACT The prevalence of unintended pregnancy in Kenya continues to be high with 43% of all births reported as unintended. A fifth of these births are due to incorrect use of short-term contraceptive methods which are the most popular methods resulting in contraceptive failure. In contrast, studies have shown that Long Acting and Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) method which are least popular have the highest effectiveness, do not depend on users’ adherence and do not require frequent visi...
ABSTRACT Mycobacterium ulcerans disease (Buruli ulcer) is increasing worldwide but there is currently no effective chemotherapeutic treatment. Prevention and control has also not been possible because the mode of transmission remains illusive and at best speculative. Recent investigation however points to the possible involvement of aquatic bugs belonging to the familily Naucoridae in the transmission process. In the laboratory, infected Naucorid species have been shown to transmit the bacter...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Coffee is one of the major export crops in Tanzania, contributing 24% to the agricultural gross domestic product (AGDP). The crop contributes directly to the livelihoods of over 420 000 farm families and indirectly to over 2 million people employed in the coffee value-chain. The Tanzanian average coffee production is variably pegged at 45 000 – 52 000 metric tons annually, while smallholder coffee productivity per tree ranges between 250 and 300g of parchment which is lo...
A producer and a buyer enter into a two-party contract when they practice contract farming. A buyer commits to purchasing output from a producer at a predetermined price, quality and timing (Bellemare & Bloem, 2018). In many nations around the globe, contract farming is used to link smallholders’ farmers to profitable markets for higher incomes and better living conditions (Barrett et al., 2012). Early in the nineteenth century, the North American agricultural sector saw the introduction of...
ABSTRACT Automatic gate is one of most usefully thing to use in companies, colonies, collages, homes, and schools. There is some type to operate a gate such as a sliding on screw or on rack and pinion, piston operated, rotary. Design is available for some type of operation and it is most costly also When installation and maintenance cost is not yet been considered. The main objective of this Project is to study, analyze, and provide an enhanced design and performance of power supply, and als...
Abstract/Overview Positioning of ecotourism destination is crucial to survival and success of business value chain of the cultural sites as alternative source of livelihood of the local communities in Kisumu County. This paper sought to establish significant factors to consider in branding cultural sites as ecotourism destinations for sustainable livelihood in Kisumu County and its environs. This study was anchored on Place Branding Theory and Social Exchange Theory. The study adopted des...
Abstract: Calf diarrhea remains the major health challenges in cattle herds and is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal calves. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Three Woredas of West Harerghe from October 2022 to March 2023 with the objectives to identify salmonella and E. coli infection in diarrheic calves, to assess associated risk factors for occurrence of calf diarrhea, and to assess the young stock management practices and knowledge gaps of livestock prod...
ABSTRACT Mangroves and other blue carbon systems are under high pressure due to population pressure and coastal development. The continuous degradation of mangroves leads to the loss of the carbon stocks stored in the mangrove ecosystem. In this study, GIS based analysis using Landsat images and allometric equations were used to estimate the above-ground carbon stock of mangroves in the Lower Volta area in Ghana. The Landsat images were classified to obtain the mangrove area. An ASTER GDEM co...
Abstract: Most maternal death reviews are on impact assessment rather than the underlying factors. Maternal death review that goes beyond the number has not been widely studied in Nigeria despite the high contribution of underlying factors to maternal deaths in the country. To determine the underlying causes of maternal death in the facility. This was a comprehensive facility-based maternal death review at Federal Medical Centre Makurdi from 1st January to 31st December 2012. Factors surround...
Abstract Background: Insecticide treated bed nets and Indoor residual spraying remains the principal interventional malaria control strategies. To achieve malaria disease eradication, vector control programmes that monitor insecticide resistance profiles are necessary. Objective: The study evaluated pirimiphos-methyl susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato in Kakamega County, western Kenya. Methods: Adult Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes were assayed using World Health Organiza...