ABSTRACT Background: Caesarean section (CS) is one of the most frequent surgical procedures performed on women worldwide. Post CS wound infection is a major cause of prolonged hospital stay, complicating 3% to 15% of CS procedures worldwide. Surgical site infections (SSI) are associated with a maternal mortality rate of up to 3%. With the continuous increase in the rate of CS procedures performed, it is expected that post CS infections will increase in parallel, hence its significance. A...
Abstract/Overview In this paper, a latent infection susceptible–exposed–infectious–recovered model with demographic efects is used to understand the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemics. We calculate the basic reproduction number (R0) by solving the diferential equations of the model and also using next-generation matrix method. We also prove the global stability of the model using the Lyapunov method. We showed that when the R0 < 1 or R0 ≤ 1 and R0 > 1 or R0 ≥ 1 the disease-free ...
ABSTRACT Groundnut samples collected from commercial markets in South–Eastern Nigerian were examined for seed borne fungi organisms and their level of losses were quantified. Results obtained showed that only about 29% of groundnut seeds were without damage. This high rate of damage is a major factor in low viability of groundnut seeds in South – Eastern Nigeria. From the survey of groundnut seed cultivars, two cultivars: Spanish 205 (nwaerente) and Samnut 21 (Ngwongworo) were observe...
The ability of bacteria to genetically encode resistance genes that subvert the inhibitory impact of prospective antibiotics is known as antibiotic resistance. It can be acquired through horizontal gene mutation processes like conjugation, transformation, and transduction or it can arise intrinsically through spontaneous recombination and integration into the bacterial genome. The inactivation of the porin channel, the alteration of antibiotic targets, and the enzymatic neutralisation of anti...
ABSTRACT A total of eight soil samples were collected from different sites within FUOYE environment and were analyzed to determine the presence of antibiotic producing bacteria, fungi and actinomycete Using nutrient agar, sabauraud dextrose agar and glycerol yeast extract agar as culture media. Seven bacteria: Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Azomonas spp, Gluconobacter spp, Micrococcus spp, and Staphylococcus aureus; five fungi: Rhizopus spp, Mucor spp, Rhodotorula spp, ...
Abstract The soda lakes of Kenya provide an extreme environment where diverse groups of microorganisms thrive. They are characterized by great variation in temperature, halophillic and alkaliphilic- extreme conditions. Lake Sonachi has been the study site for this research. The study sort to isolate, characterize and identify fungi, screen for potential exo-enzymes and secondary metabolites production that may be of industrial application. Malt extract agar was used in the isolation of fungi...
ABSTRACT Cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are common infections in humans in Kenya and Cryptosporidiosis in particular is an opportunistic infection in HIV-infected individuals. Diarrhoeal disease caused by these parasites is a major public health problem particularly in countries with poor socioeconomic status. The study on Cryptosporidium species and Giardia lamblia was carried out in Siaya county referral hospital and was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with ...
ABSTRACTA study was undertaken to determine typical concentration of airborne bacteria and fungi (microflora) in Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT) in the tropical rainforest environment of Nigeria. Aerial sampling was conducted at various faculties and departments each day. The air samples were collected thrice daily. Concentrations of airborne microflora exceeded available local guidelines for classroom, lobby, library and offices, but not in the restricted ...
ABSTRACT Strategies to reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality include scale up of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) and provision of broad spectrum antibiotics. Cotrimoxazole (CTX) is a widely available low cost antibiotic recommended by WHO in settings with high infectious disease prevalence for treatment and prevention of opportunistic infections and malaria in all HIV-infected individuals. With immune reconstitution following ART, the risk of opportunistic infections greatly diminishes. Con...
ABSTRACT Worldwide, acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children are one of the leading causes of childhood mortality. The need to investigate respiratory viruses associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections, more especially all four types of human parainfluenza viruses in Ghana has become crucial due to the limited information available on these viruses. Thus the aim of this study was to detect and characterize human parainfluenza viruses in children that present wi...
A bstract It has been show n in epidem iological studies that m alaria m ay play a role in the pathogenesis o f endem ic B urkitt’s Lym phom a (eBL). The contribution o f m alaria to the pathogenesis o f eBL is believed to be due to the im balances in the im m une regulation during m alaria infection. Studies have show n a loss o f C TL function due to a shift o f the im m une responses from T h l tow ards Th2 T-cell function during m alaria infection. This study sought to investigate the p...
REPLICATION OF VIRUSESVIRAL REPLICATION: ONE-STEP GROWTH CURVEMANIFESTATIONS OF THE VIRAL DISEASESVIRAL PATHOGENESIS AT THE CELLULAR LEVELINFECTION MODENATURAL HISTORY (ECOLOGY) AND MODES OF TRANSMISSION OF VIRUSES
ABSTRACT The presence of multiple concurrent infections, or polyparasitism, is quite common in schistosomiasis endemic areas. Msambweni District in the Coast Province of Kenya is highly endemic for Schistosoma haematobium. Previous studies showed an overall prevalence of schistosomiasis in Msambweni District at 40% to 60%. This is a prevalence way above the national prevalence of approximately 23%. There has been continued support by various agencies, including the government and non-governme...
ABSTRACTBackground and objectives: Skin infections are among the common diseases in children of Africa. Among the factors contributing to high prevalence of skin infections, poor hygiene is the most apparent factor yet can be controllable. Schools are organized communities where children from different families with different social status spend much of their time. The role of school is important for cognitive, creative and social development of children. Education regarding proper sanitation...
ABSTRACT Tungiasis is an ecto-parasitic disease of humans and animals caused by the burrowing of gravid female fleas of the genus ‘Tunga’. Of the known species of Tunga fleas, Tunga penetrans and Tunga trimamillata are parasites of humans besides other warm blooded mammals, most of which are peri-domestic. The host of the others is limited to a few genera of wild mammals. The burrowed female flea rapidly expands its body size, causing immense itching, inflammation, pain and debilitation. ...