ABSTRACT
Despite the frightening mortality rate associated with COVID-19, there is no known approved drug to effectively combat the pandemic. COVID-19 clinical manifestations include fever, fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, and other complications. At present, there is no known effective treatment or vaccine that can mitigate/inhibit SARSCoV-2. Available clinical intervention for COVID-19 is only palliative and limited to support. Thus, there is an exigent need for effective and non-invasive treatment. This article evaluates the possible mechanism of actions of SARS-CoV-2 and present Nigeria based medicinal plants which have pharmacological and biological activities that can mitigate the hallmarks of the pathogenesis of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 mode of actions includes hyperinflammation characterized by a severe and fatal hyper-cytokinaemia with multi-organ failure; immunosuppression; reduction of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enhance pulmonary vascular permeability causing damage to the alveoli; and further activated by open reading frame (ORF)3a, ORF3b, and ORF7a via c-Jun N- terminal kinase (JNK) pathway which induces lung damage. These mechanisms of action of SARS-CoV-2 can be mitigated by a combination therapy of medicinal herbs based on their pharmacological activities. Since the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are multifactorial with co-morbidities, we strongly recommend the use of combined therapy such that two or more herbs with specific therapeutic actions are administered to combat the mediators of the disease.
Olowookere, B. & O.Oladele, J (2022). A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/a-systematic-review-on-covid-19-pandemic-with-special-emphasis-on-curative-potentials-of-nigeria-based-medicinal-plants
Olowookere, Boyede, and Johnson O.Oladele "A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants" Afribary. Afribary, 05 Jan. 2022, https://afribary.com/works/a-systematic-review-on-covid-19-pandemic-with-special-emphasis-on-curative-potentials-of-nigeria-based-medicinal-plants. Accessed 24 Nov. 2024.
Olowookere, Boyede, and Johnson O.Oladele . "A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants". Afribary, Afribary, 05 Jan. 2022. Web. 24 Nov. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/a-systematic-review-on-covid-19-pandemic-with-special-emphasis-on-curative-potentials-of-nigeria-based-medicinal-plants >.
Olowookere, Boyede and O.Oladele, Johnson . "A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants" Afribary (2022). Accessed November 24, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/a-systematic-review-on-covid-19-pandemic-with-special-emphasis-on-curative-potentials-of-nigeria-based-medicinal-plants