ABSTRACT Cirrhosis of the liver is an endstage chronic liver disease which is generally irreversible. About 75% of patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis have progressive disease despite supportive therapy and die within one to five years from serious complications such as variceal haemorrhage, hepatic encephalopathy or superimposed hepatocellular carcinoma. Records from the Pathology Department of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra-Ghana indicates that cirrhosis is the commonest liver...
ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is a predominant pathogen isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. In recent years, complications-related to diabetic foot infections has increased due to increased incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Management of these infections requires appropriate antibiotic selection on the basis of culture and susceptibility test results. Although diabetes is among the top ten causes of mortality in Vihiga, most public hospitals in Kenya do not isolate and conduct anti...
Abstract: Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) cause serious epidemics in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), a vital food security crop in many low-to-medium income countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Aphids transmit these viruses “non-persistently,” i.e., virions attach loosely to the insects' stylets. Viruses may manipulate aphid-host interactions to enhance transmission. We used direct observation and ele...
Abstract/Overview Objective: To evaluate the validity of diVerent algorithms for the diagnosis of gonococcal and chlamydial infections among pregnant and non-pregnant women consulting health services for vaginal discharge in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: Cross sectional study among 621 women with complaints of vaginal discharge in three city council clinics between April and August 1997. Women were interviewed and examined for symptoms and signs of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Speci...
TABLE OF CONTENTSDeclaration .................................................................................................................................................... iiApproval ....................................................................................................................................................... iiiDedication .................................................................................................................................................
ABSTRACT Hymenula cerealis, Neottiosporella radiata, Sphaerosporium lignatile, and Monilochaetes infuscans were isolated from soil of Botanical Garden, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. The soil sample was serially diluted and isolation was done using pour plate method. The organisms were then screened for cellulase production using carboxymethyl cellulase and Congo red. The screening result showed that Hymenula cerealis, Neottiosporella radiata, and Sphaerosporium lignatile are capable ...
Abstract This research is designed to detect the urinary tract infection (UTI) as common cause of abortion using the ultrasound B-mode scan. At August 2016, in Alshik Mohamed Ali Fadull teaching hospital for obstetrics and gynecology in Omdurman city, republic of Sudan, the pelvic and kidneys of 100 aborted women were examined using B-mode scan, with transvaginal and convex probes for the pelvic examination, and convex porbe alone for the kidneys, andbeside that the clinical history of s...
Abstract: The inoculation methods, the fungal strains, and several other factors are known to influent the success of fungal entomopathogens colonization in plants. The physiological status of the plant could also be another determinant. In the present study, the ability of three strains of Beauveria bassiana and one strain of Metarhizium anisopliae to successfully colonize Citrus limon plants and the influence of seedling age on endophytic colonization success was examined. Three, 4, and 6 ...
ABSTRACT The seroprevalence studies of Plasmodium falciparum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Samonella typhi, HIV and co-infections by the four pathogens were carried out among patients attending Don Bosco Medical centre Akure and Ondo State Specialist Hospital, Akure. Venous blood were collected from a total of 500 randomly selected patients aged 1 to ≥ 91 years that attended the hospitals for routine medical check up. Diagnostic test kits (“Determine” and ‟Unigo...
ABSTRACT Ditch cutting samples collected from interval 2590 3300 metres in Well K-27, Greater Ughelli depobelt, Niger Delta were studied for their lithology and foraminiferal content with the aim of dating and subdivision of the sequences penetrated by the well into biozones. The samples were processed using standard foraminiferal processing methods involving sample disaggregation and washing through a 63 micron mesh sieve, drying and picking and subsequent analysis of the foraminifera and a...
ABSTRACT Iron deficiency anaemia contributes to 50% cases of anaemia and it remains a concern in the public health sector in sub-Saharan Africa and children under five years are at risk. It is associated with poor cognitive development and affects growth of preschool children. The interventions in most of sub-Saharan Africa focus on the improvement of hemoglobin (Hb) levels but it is not clear if Hb and iron levels relate in areas where there are multi-factorial causes of anaemia. The preval...
INTERNAL CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Control of Infection Prevention of Infection
ABSTRACT Urinary tract infections are not as common in men as they are in women. However, when present, they are considered to be indicative of serious urological abnormalities and thus considered to be complicated infection in men. They can either be typical or atypical. Typical irritative lower urinary tract infection can be presented by most men with clinical symptoms such as frequency or urgency in micturition, nocturia, dysuria, and hematuria. The less common atypical urinary trac...
Abstract Background: Changes of land cover modify the characteristics of habitat, host-vector interaction and consequently infection rates of disease causing agents. In this paper, we report variations in tsetse distribution patterns, abundance and infection rates in relation to habitat types and age in the Maasai Steppe of northern Tanzania. In Africa, Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomiasis negatively impacted human life where about 40 million people are at risk of contracting the disease with d...
ABSTRACT Maize is an important cereal crop and a staple food in most parts of Africa. Food insecurity is one of the major challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa. The food situation is worsened by fungal infestation of maize crops in the fields. The most prevalent fungi on maize crops are Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium graminearum that cause red ear rot, stalk rot and Grey leaf spot (GLS) respectively. The development of antifungal resistance and side effects associated with synthetic pesticides ...