Abstract: The spider mites Tetranychus urticae Koch and Tetranychus evansi Baker and Pritchard are important pests of horticultural crops. They are infected by entomopathogenic fungi naturally or experimentally. Fungal pathogens known to cause high infection in spider mite populations belong to the order Entomophthorales and include Neozygites spp. Studies are being carried out to develop some of these fungi as mycoacaricides, as standalone control measures in an inundative strategy to repla...
The role of a legal practitioner in property acquisition can not be over emphasized. The article sheds light on the roles legal practitioner take to ensure a hitch free property acquisition in Nigeria. Real estate is by far one of the thriving and popular investment options not only in recent times but as far back as anyone could remember. This article aims at shedding light on the role legal practitioners take in acquisition of real property. Before you buy or sell a landed property it is im...
ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection are two rapidly growing epidemics and health concerns strongly driven by injection drug use (IDU) in Kenya and the entire world. Inflammatory cytokines are important mediators of the host response to HIV-1 and HCV infections including injection drugs. However, the molecular interaction between HIV-1 and HCV co-infection and correlation with injection drug use is largely undefined. Therefore, this cross-sec...
The flight dynamicsof an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)is the science ofitsorientation and control in three dimensions.The three primary orientations include: the Pitch, the Roll and the Yaw. Therear part of the tailplaneis known as the elevatorcontrol ofanUAVpitch (therotating around the transversal axis). Flight route deviations and flight altitude variations due to hash weather conditions such as shock waves or thunder storm and the wind speed/direction during flight greatly affect the pitch...
In Kenya, maize is a staple food and is stored after harvest as a source of food and for sale. From the stored maize, the surplus from that meant for food is sold by some farmers to earn income. The quality of the maize in store depends on the storage facility. Poorly constructed and unmaintained structures may allow leakage of water and entry by rodents and insects which may mechanically damage the maize by nibbling and holing respectively, thus predisposing the grains to fungal infectio...
ABSTRACT Background: Malaria predisposes children in areas where malaria is endemic to concurrent bacteraemia. In the tropics, co-infections of both diseases are prevalent and are the leading causes of paediatric hospital admissions, morbidity and mortality. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of coinfection of malaria and bacterial bloodstream infections among 232 children under 13 years who reported to three healthcare facilities in Accra and Dodowa ...
ABSTRACT A human or animal with an infection has another organism inside them which gets its sustenance (nourishment) from that person, it colonizes that person and reproduces inside them. The human with that organism (germ) inside is called the host, while the germ or pathogen is referred to as a parasitic organism. Another name for an organism that causes infection is an infectious agent. It is only an infection if the colonization harms the host i.e parasitic relationship. It feeds and mu...
ABSTRACT Human fungal infections pose serious medical issues. Up to now, more than a hundred thousand fungal species are considered as natural contaminants. During the last decade, the incidence of superficial and deep mycotic infections has continued to increase explosively. There is a general consensus among researchers, clinicians and pharmaceutical companies that new, potent, effective and safe antifungal drugs are needed. Majority of work has been conducted on Camellia sinensis extracts ...
ABSTRACT Viral hepatitis B and C co-infections among Human immunodeficiency virus infected patients is significantly becoming a worrying public health problem worldwide. The three infectious viruses’ shares common routes of transmission including, blood transfusion, sexual intercourse, and injecting drug users among others, which could be the reason for the co-infections observed in the previous studies in sub-Sahara Africa. In Kenya, the documented data from the studies conducted indicate ...
ABSTRACT The success of entomopathogenic fungi as microbial control agents ultimately depends on the use of the right propagule, formulated in an optimum fashion and applied at the right time to a susceptible host. In this study, the pathogenicity of six isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and 14 isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok to Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linneaus) was for the first time determined in the laboratory. The differential...
Abstract: Antimicrobial efficiency of Datura stramonium plant parts (leaf, seed, stem and flower) crude extracts were examined using Ethanol, Chloroform and DMSO as solvents and tested against four bacterial and two fungal human pathogens like Bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Salmonella typhi ATCC1331, Streptococci agalactecia ATCC13311 and Fungi: Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus using agar disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial activities were...
Abstract: Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, has recently invaded Africa where it is seriously threatening food security. Current management methods rely heavily on synthetic insecticides which are harmful to humans, the environment, and non-target beneficial insects. Cotesia icipe was recently identified as a major FAW-associated indigenous parasitoid causing a high parasitism rate on the pest in Kenya. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE...
Abstract Background: Mesembryanthemum edule is a medicinal plant which has been indicated by Xhosa traditional healers in the treatment HIV associated diseases such as tuberculosis, dysentery, diabetic mellitus, laryngitis, mouth infections, ringworm eczema and vaginal infections. The investigation of the essential oil of this plant could help to verify the rationale behind the use of the plant as a cure for these illnesses. Methods: The essential oil from M. edule was analysed by GC/MS. Co...
Abstract: Urinary tract infection is one of the most prevalent infections caused by different pathogens. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogens among patients visiting Hasasa Health Center from March to May 2016.A total of 384 patients participated in this study. Culturing and identification of uropathogens were performed by using agar (Mac-Conkey agar and blood agar) and biochemical test. Antimicrobial resistance testing...
SECTION 1 1.0 Introduction Aspergillus species are ubiquitous opportunistic moulds that cause both allergic and invasive syndromes. The genus comprises approximately 180 species, of which 33 have been associated with human disease. Most infections are caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus niger (Lee J.Y., et al. 2001). Less commonly, Aspergillus nidulans can be implicated as the causative pathogen, especially in the setti...