This project study was aimed at designing, fabricating, and evaluating the performance of a double effect evaporator, which was used to evaporate sugar syrup to be used for students’ demonstration. During the course of the study, the methods that were used comprised of the material balances, energy balances, and determination of the component parts of the evaporator. The results from the study included the overall material in the evaporator’s system, the material balance for each effect, ...
ABSTRACT Oil obtained from orange peels and velvet tamarind nut by solvent extraction (n-hexane and acetone) using the soxhlet extractor were investigated as feedstock’s to determine some of the suitable parameters such as iodine value, saponification value, specific gravity, density, acid value and free fatty acid value, and their percentage yield that are suitable for biodiesel production. The density of orange and tamarind oil were found to be 0.9326g/cm3 and 0.8541g/cm3 respectively, th...
ABSTRACT Circular economy requires sustainable supply of raw materials to industries. Social and economic networks are needed in order to develop circular economies that would drive value chains in renewable resource processing from wastewater into renewable bioplastic products. Current plastic is non-biodegraded which can cause harm to our environment. A pilot scale investigation was carried-out so as to evaluate the feasibility of producing value-added bioplastic from wastewater treatme...
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This work presents the design of a plant that will produce 250000kg/yr of lindane from benzene, chlorine and water at high temperature and pressure using direct chlorination method. The feeds are sent into a chlorinator, the crude product from the chlorinator is continuously decanted into a decanter and the bottom product HCl i...
This research presents the effect of lye on the kinetics and quality of local soaps. To achieve this, 40ml of 10 percent lye (palm bunch, coconut shell and synthetic sodium hydroxide) reacted with 60ml of oil (palm oil and palm kernel oil) in a batch system, under conditions as, constant temperature (50 degree celcius) and constant stirring (100 rpm). Variation in saponification value and free fatty acid was monitored with time, that is, at intervals of 2mins. It was noticed that as time incr...
Quality control is a checking test to monitor and ensure the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is at optimum efficiency. The tests are usually carried out on samples collected from specific points or stations in the WWTP. The Influent sample, is collected after the fine screens. Aeration basin sludge, iscollected from the point of overflow of the aeration basin, before it is sent to the clarifier. Return Activated Sludge (RAS) sample, is collected from the sludge pumping station. Waste Ac...
Wastewater is made up largely of organic carbon, either in solution or as particulate matter. About 60% is in particulate form, consisting of proteins, amino acids, peptides, carbohydrate, fats and fatty acids. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) prevent potential waterborne disease outbreak. This is achieved by the active use of mechanical process and biological process of the treatment plant to treat and convert wastewater into clear effluent that meets specific standard. The effluent water...
The drying and particle size characterization of Danta (Nesogordonia papavereria) and HardCross (Vitex doniana) hardwood sawdusts were investigated at temperatures 80 ºC, 90 ºC and105 ℃. The experimental drying data were modeled using eighteen existing drying models.The results showed that the modified Henderson and Pabis model offered the best fit to thedrying curves of Danta and Hard Cross sawdusts. The experimental data obtained from theparticle size distribution of both the samples we...
The production of soy-yoghurt by fermentation of soymilk with lactobacillus isolated from nunu (a Nigerian indigenous fermented cow-milk) was studied. Soymilk was extracted from whole and dehulled soybean seeds and pasteurized. The fermentation was carried out with both the isolate from nunu and yoghurmet (a commercial yoghurt starter culture of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus) as control. The percentage of soymilk inoculated was 70%, 80% and 100% of the broth. Soy-yog...
ABSTRACT The need for effective and efficient means of oil extraction has been a concern in recent time. Hence, this study aimed at the oil extraction from Moringa oleifera seeds using the Microwave-Assisted extraction method. The extraction process was modeled using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Also, the evaluation of Moringa oleifera oil as a good feedstock for biodiesel production was carried out. Oil was extracted from the M. oleifera seed kernel using Microwave-Assisted meth...
ABSTRACT Cassava is considered as a potential source for the commercial production of bioethanol because of its availability and low market price. It can be used as a basic source to support large-scale biological production of bioethanol using microbial amylases. With the progression and advancement in enzymology, starch liquefying and saccharifying enzymes are preferred for the conversion of complex starch polymer into various valuable met...
This study covers the evaluation of the synergistic effect of Datura stramonium leaves extract-Zn2+ in the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in well water. Varying effects of different concentrations of the extract and 5ppm of Zn2+ on the corrosion inhibition of the mild steel specimen will be determined in order to ascertain the synergistic effect that exists between the leaf extract and Zn2+
ABSTRACT The kinetics and optimization of inhibitive action of leaves extract of pawpaw, Azadirachta indica (neem tree) and bitter leaf on corrosion of mild steel in acidic medium was studied by weight loss technique using central composite design of response surface methodology for optimization. The metal was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer to determine its elemental compositions. The extract was obtained by liquid extraction using ethanol and was analyzed to determine ...
ABSTRACT Nowadays, the destruction and pollution of humane environment has produced an ever growing awareness worldwide of the need for more effective sedimentation processes. The main aim of this project was to design and fabricate an experimental sedimentation rig with the objective to determine the rate of settling against time using calcium carbonate as a test sample.The rig consists mainly of the cylindrical tank, valves, motor, stirrer, and the sight glass. For the test run, 82 litres o...
ABSTRACT Nowadays, the destruction and pollution of humane environment has produced an ever growing awareness worldwide of the need for more effective sedimentation processes. The main aim of this project was to design and fabricate an experimental sedimentation rig with the objective to determine the rate of settling against time using calcium carbonate as a test sample.The rig consists mainly of the cylindrical tank, valves, motor, stirrer, and the sight glass. For the test run, 82 litres o...