Pest and diseases have a serious effect on food production. Global crop yields are reduced by 20 to 40% annually due to impact of pests and diseases.Indiscriminate use of insecticides to combat insect challenges, have increased the selection pressure leading to resistance in insects. In such a situation, alternate options of insect control are advocated. The use of microbial insecticidal compounds offer adequate levels of insect control and pose fewer hazards.Microbial insecticidal compou...
Abstract A pyrolysis reactor was designed and fabricated for the production of bio-esters used in formulating green lubricants for the drilling industry. Samples of Tectona Grandis, Eucalyptus Torreliana, Jatropha Curcas leaf and Cornhusk were each pyrolysed in the reactor at 5000C. Bio-oil obtained was analyzed for their Density, Acid value, % FFA and Viscosity at ambient conditions. Bio-oil was upgraded by esterification using Methanol and synthesized Silica Sulphuric Acid (SSA) as c...
ABSTRACT The study investigated the economics of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) production in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The broad objective of the study was to examine the economics of Catfish production in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: (i) describe the socioeconomic characteristics of catfish farming; (ii) determine the technical efficiency of catfish farming; (iii) identify factors that influence technical efficiency of catfish farming; (iv) analyze the costs and ret...
Gender issues have taken a global dimension in the recent times especially in Nigeria. Women are increasingly being involved in agricultural food value chain which contributes to economic development. Policy agenda has for decades given priority to the production sphere, where men generally predominate, and has largely neglected processing and marketing activities, where women often play a key role. The paper draws on available empirical literature evidence for the study. Aggregate data shows...
Abstract The importance of globalisation in the development of the global economy has gained significant backing over the years, as long-run global projections are sustained. Without doubt, it is strappingly believed that, there is more to gain about several striking issues that are essential in the current trend towards globalisation. Consequently, this study seeks to ascertain the bi-directional relationship (if any), between globalisation and industrial production in the context of Niger...
Abstract: Production of biogas through anaerobic digestion of organic waste materials provides an alternative environmentally eco-friendly renewable energy. In this study, biogas production from co-digestion of the Justicia schimperiana and cow dung in five mix ratios,A100%JS, B 75%JS: 25%CD, C 50%JS:50%CD, D25%JS:75%CD, E100%CD was evaluated under mesophilic conditions (38ºC) using a batch digester in microbiology laboratory of Haramaya University. In all treatments, Total solid, Volatile ...
ABSTRACT The study aimed at examining the effect of agricultural production on economic growth in Somalia from the period of 1986 to 2016 using time series data. Specifically, the study examined the causality and the effect of agricultural production on GDP growth. The objective was motivated by the fact that the problem statement emphasized that agricultural production has not yielded expected economic growth in Somalia. The study hypothesized that no casualty between agricultural production...
ABSTRACT The unavailability of adequate empirical data necessitated this study of analysis of rural farmers‟ use of improved cocoyam production practices in South-South, Nigeria with coverage States such as Cross River, Delta and Edo. The study described the socio-economic characteristics of rural farmers, identified the improved cocoyam production practices and determined the extent of rural farmers‟ use of improved cocoyam production practices among others. A total of 411 contact cocoya...
ABSTRACT Nowadays, charcoal supplies about 95 percent of the domestic and commercial cooking energy needs in the developing countries including Somalia. This study assessed the impact of charcoal production on savannah vegetation in Sanaag region by finding out the causes of charcoal production and/or burning on savannah vegetation, identifying the various forms of charcoal production activities on savannah vegetation, examining how charcoal production affects savannah vegetation and assessi...
ABSTRACT After land reform program in Zimbabwe, wheat production has been on a declining trend, with several constraints being identified hindering wheat production. These include the land policy, wheat pricing policy, high irrigation costs and government protection policies on consumers. As a result farmers have been dropping out of wheat production as it’s no longer a profitable crop to grow. This study is aimed at identifying and quantifying the socioeconomic factors affecting wheat pro...
ABSTRACT ‘Poverty production’ is a rising notion in poverty research which addresses the roles of actors and the activities they engage in that end in poverty or make contributions to poverty formation. Corruption does not fail to be one of those obvious factors known to aggravate poverty among citizens. The scope of the study focused on Nigeria in West Africa, a country with immense wealth from its rare natural resource – oil – yet reportedly taken over India as the country with the...
ABSTRACT Common bean is a major source of food and income for smallholder farmers in Tanzania.The national average yield for common beans which ranges from 0.72 to 1.10 tone/ha, is far below potential yields recommended by agricultural research (1.5 – 3 tones/ ha) using improved varieties. Low common bean yield is contributed by several factors which lower farmers` profit. This study examined the economics of smallholder common beans production in Mbeya, Tanzania. Descriptive and inferentia...
Abstract: Bio-ethanol is a clear liquid alcohol that is made by the fermentation of different biological materials. it is being considered as a potential liquid fuel due to the limited amount of natural resources. This study was undertaken with the objective of producing bio-ethanol from leaves of Desmodium triflorum by fermenting for 16 days. The leaves were first pre-treated with dilute sulfuric acid to ease the hydrolysis of lignocelulosic material and incubated in different substrate con...
ABSTRACT Indigenous chicken are mainly kept in subsistence systems and constitute about 80% of Africa’s poultry flock. Currently, there are no well-defined breeding goals and genetic improvement programmes for the indigenous chicken are rare. The overall aim of this study was to develop breeding goals for use in production systems utilising the indigenous chicken. The specific objectives were to construct a deterministic bio-economic model for the economic evaluation of production systems ...
ABSTRACT Inefficiencies in maize production do not only have adverse effect on the output of maize but it also poses a serious threat to income generation, food security and the general welfare of the people. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the level and determinants of technical efficiency of maize farmers. The proportionate stratified and simple random technique was used to select 306 maize farmers. Descriptive statistics was used to describe farm and farmer specific characte...