ABSTRACT Tinea pedis, a fungal infection of the feet, especially within the toe webs and soles was studied using 40 soldiers (20men and 20women) as a case study. This infection is related to footwear having been considered to be a new dermatophytoses. The soldiers have the toe webs and soles cleaned with alcohol or sterile water and the lesions scrapped with sterile scalpel and placed between two glass slides with a drop of 10-20% kOH and then viewed under microscope. Branched hyp...
ABSTRACT Dengue is the most rapidly spreading arbovirus infection globally and exhibits a substantial temporal and geographical variability. The number of dengue cases reported annually to WHO has progressively increased from 0.4 to 1.3 million in the decade 1996–2005, reaching 2.2 million in 2010 and 3.2 million in 2015. Kenya has experienced heightened cases of dengue in recent years with outbreaks in Mandera in 2011 and Mombasa in 2012, 2013 and 2017. Prevalence of dengue among febrile p...
ABSTRACT Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms that have simple multicellular or unicellular cell structures. They are distributed in terrestrial soils, forests, aquatic habitats and in extreme environments with high ambient salts, temperature, pH and pressure. Fungi from extreme environments are potential sources of novel biocatalysts for example antimicrobial agents that can help solve the rising cases of drug resistance. However, the diversity of fungi recovered and described from less studi...
Abstract Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms that have simple multicellular or unicellular cell structures. They are distributed in terrestrial soils, forests, aquatic habitats and in extreme environments with high ambient salts, temperature, pH and pressure. Fungi from extreme environments are potential sources of novel biocatalysts for example antimicrobial agents that can help solve the rising cases of drug resistance. However, the diversity of fungi recovered and described from less stud...
ABSTRACT Background: Globally around 13million people are injecting drugs and 1.7million of them are living with HIV. Injecting drug users have created and remain a major international public health problem. Objective: This study aimed to determine factors associated with high risk of injection behaviors among injection drug user (IDU’s) in Zanzibar. Methods: A cross-sectional study design using a quantitative approach was conducted in Zanzibar islands. A total of 1308 injection drug user...
ABSTRACT Introduction: Urinary Schistosomiasis and malaria are Neglected Tropical Diseases endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. The overlapping distribution of these parasites may result in a high co-infection rate and hematologic abnormalities especially with hemoglobin concentration. Objective: The main aim of the study was to assess the association between monoinfection and co-infection status of the two parasites and the hemoglobin concentration in school children. Method: A cross-sectional epi...
Abstract/Overview Malaria and HIV infections are both highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, with HIV-infected patients being at higher risk of acquiring malaria. HIV-1 infection is known to impair the immune response and may increase the incidence of clinical malaria. However, a positive association between HIV-1 and malaria parasitaemia is still evolving. Equally, the effect of malaria on HIV-1 disease stage has not been well established, but when fever and parasitemia are high, malari...
Abstract: Medicinal plants have been used for centuries to treat diseases. Differences in antimicrobial activities may affected by geographical area and other conditions.This study was carried out to screen the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activities of leaf,friut and root extracts of U.dioca against pathogenic bacteria and fungus. U.dioca is a medicinal plant which belongs to the family Urticaceae.The Leaf,friut and root of this plant were collected. The phytochemical screeni...
Abstract: Traditional medicinal plants have several uses in different parts of the world. In Ethiopia, it remains the main source of treatment for the majority of the population and its livestock. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial and antifungal activities of crude extracts of Solanum incanum, Vernonia amygdalina, Datura stramonium L., and Croton macrostachyus against four bacterial pathogenic species (i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Salmonella Typhi...
AbstractHepatitis ‘B’ virus (HBV) infection is endemic throughout the world; it has been recognized as a serious public health issue and a potentially life-threatening blood born liver infection. It is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world and a major health problem. The virus is responsible for more than a million deaths worldwide annually...
INTRODUCTION Planned maintenance apart from programming inspection, should include monitoring, logging, periodic checks and tests of system as to guarantee correct day-today hitch free functioning and control of “closed circuit” water systems to maintain trouble-free operations.This first requirement for any maintenance system planned or otherwise is to compile an inventory of all plants and equipment to be maintained. Besides, additional information must be readily obtained from the manu...
ABSTRACT Studies show there is less ear damage by insect pests and increased soil fertility from maize/legume intercropping system. These are two main benefits with pre-harvest potential on ear rots incidence and severity which result into mycotoxins reduction. Therefore, in a two season study, impact of push-pull technology (PP), maize desmodium intercrop edged by Brachiaria or Napier grass, was assessed on incidence and severity of four common ear rots: Fusarium, Gibberella, Diplodia and As...
ABSTRACT Despite intensive worldwide attempt to control malaria, it remains one of the most fatal and widespread protozoan infection of mankind. About 2.4 billon people inhabit malaria prone regions which is about forty percentage of the world population. Prompt accurate, diagnosis and treatment is important to avert suffering of malaria patients. Malaria infection is a serious global challenge in the affected countries. The rapid diagnosis tests of malaria are recent diagnostic techniques wh...
Malaria causes the greatest public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa where high mortality mainly occurs in children under five years of age and pregnant women. Majority of Kenyan population are at risk of malaria infection. Traditionally, malaria has been studied mainly in Western and Coastal Kenya while the rift valley especially Baringo County few malaria studies have been conducted indicating seasonal transmission. This has resulted in scanty information on actual malaria prevalence...
Abstract: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) are among the major health problems in many countries including Ethiopia. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasitic infections and to identify the major protozoan and helminthes parasitic species among primary school children in the study area .The design of the study was a ccross-sectional school based parasitological survey involving 400 sample student populations drawn from Muket...