AbstractA two-dimensional transient heat conduction equation was solved by finite- difference method to predict temperature variations within the maize (Zea mays) bin. The mathematical model comprises the center, interior and exterior heat transfer equations. Variables used include bin diameter, bin-wall material, grain temperatures, grain thermal and air properties. Software was developed for the model in Visual Basic. Temperatures within the silo were predicted at radii 0.0m (silo center), ...
In this paper, rocks with existing cracks and the effects on concrete structures it supports is discussed. Based on this paper, rock cracks may occur naturally when the rock gets closer to the earth surface due to erosion, through weathering processes (particularly frost wedging in mountainous areas and the diurnal heating and cooling of a rock outer layer in hot arid environments) and through tree roots. Artificially, cracks in rock may be caused by shock waves during rock blasting. The effe...
This paper attempts to study the mechanicalbehaviour of coconut shell aggregate (CSA) concretesubjected to elevated temperatures when coconut shell (CS)is used to replace coarse aggregate at 0, 10, 20 and 40% inconcrete. The coconut shell used was obtained by breakingthe shells into smaller sizes of less than 20mm after thefibres were removed. In order to produce control concretesamples with a minimum compressive strength of 15N/mm2at 28 days curing age, mix ratio of 1:2:4 and water-cementrat...
This paper presents the findings of an investigation into the use of mahogany leaves particles for the production of gumArabic bonded particleboards. Fresh mahogany leaves, air-dried to a target moisture content of 10% were crushed to anaverage particle size of 2mm. Mix ratios of 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, and 3.5:1 of gum Arabic to the crushed mahogany leaves byweight of the mahogany leaves were produced respectively. Twenty four (24) particleboards of sizes 200mm length,50mm width, and 6mm thick were...
This paper presents the findings of an investigation on the use of coconut shell ash (CSA) as admixture in concrete and its effect on durability performance. The CSA used was obtained by controlled burning of coconut shell in an incinerator to a temperature of 600–650ºC for 3 hours, air cooled, sieved through 75μm sieve and characterized by using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analytical method. The compressive and splitting tensile strengths of concrete were investigated at varying CSA additio...
This paper presents the findings of an investigation on coconut shell ash (CSA) as admixture in cement paste and concrete. The CSA used was obtained by controlled burning of coconut shell in an incinerator to a temperature of between 600–650ºC for 3 hours, air cooled, sieved through 75μm sieve and characterized based on its oxides composition determined using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analytical method. The effects of CSA on cement paste were investigated with addition of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and...
Correlation and regression in this paper were employed as analytical tools to study the degree of relationship as well asthe nature and strength of the relationship between green concrete properties and percentage replacement of cementwith civil engineering materials. Pearson product-moment method and Spearman’s correlation coefficient wereextensively used to show how correlation analysis can be practically applied in green concrete research. Least squareregression line method for both line...
One of the most critical inputs to vegetable (fruits) production in semi-arid areas, dry season farming and nursery establishment is water. During the dry season or off season, the source of water for vegetable growing is from irrigation while in the wet season, rainfall is the source of water. Young vegetable seedlings in the nursery or in the field should be watered in the early morning or in the evening. Watering should be done before transplanting particularly in the evening. Over-wa...
In low oil price regimes, oil and gas companies explores several options to remain profitable in the short run. The traditional response has been to shelf all projects until the price of oil rebound or carryout workover operations, but this might not be the best option for these companies. This study discussed how Shell Petroleum Development Company significantly reduced the cost of its workover operations using effective planning and project management. This study then showed how the GE/McKi...
The goals of this research are to determine how the Nigeria oil and gas industry has impacted the actualization of the sustainable development goals and how the Nigeria oil and gas industry overcome its present challenges to achieve sustainability. This paper found out that Nigeria oil and gas industry has not significantly contributed to the actualization of the sustainable development goals and Nigeria is at danger of not meeting the 2030 deadline for their actualization. In fact, the oil a...
The goal of this paper is to determine the most suitable source of energy for the future between the Renewables and LNG. The paper found that the Renewables are the fastest growing energy source, followed by gas; and transporting gas as LNG is the fastest growing method of transporting gas. Furthermore, the paper found out that for large-scale deployment of the renewables, energy storage is vital, but the cost of storage is high, the material for storage are non-renewable, and there are geopo...
ABSTRACT Circular economy requires sustainable supply of raw materials to industries. Social and economic networks are needed in order to develop circular economies that would drive value chains in renewable resource processing from wastewater into renewable bioplastic products. Current plastic is non-biodegraded which can cause harm to our environment. A pilot scale investigation was carried-out so as to evaluate the feasibility of producing value-added bioplastic from wastewater treatme...
Quality control is a checking test to monitor and ensure the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is at optimum efficiency. The tests are usually carried out on samples collected from specific points or stations in the WWTP. The Influent sample, is collected after the fine screens. Aeration basin sludge, iscollected from the point of overflow of the aeration basin, before it is sent to the clarifier. Return Activated Sludge (RAS) sample, is collected from the sludge pumping station. Waste Ac...
Wastewater is made up largely of organic carbon, either in solution or as particulate matter. About 60% is in particulate form, consisting of proteins, amino acids, peptides, carbohydrate, fats and fatty acids. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) prevent potential waterborne disease outbreak. This is achieved by the active use of mechanical process and biological process of the treatment plant to treat and convert wastewater into clear effluent that meets specific standard. The effluent water...
The flight dynamicsof an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)is the science ofitsorientation and control in three dimensions.The three primary orientations include: the Pitch, the Roll and the Yaw. Therear part of the tailplaneis known as the elevatorcontrol ofanUAVpitch (therotating around the transversal axis). Flight route deviations and flight altitude variations due to hash weather conditions such as shock waves or thunder storm and the wind speed/direction during flight greatly affect the pitch...