Engineering

Research Papers/Topics in Engineering

Modelling Of Sedimentation Dynamics In An Underground Canal In Southwest Kano Irrigation Scheme - Kenya

ABSTRACT The design of an irrigation canal is intended to ensure that water is conveyed with minimal erosion and sedimentation. The underground canal in Southwest Kano Irrigation scheme was designed to meet these conditions but over time it has been silted up to the extent that its conveyance capacity has significantly dropped. The sediment control structure at the inlet can only prevent bedload, consisting of large sediments, from entering the canal but cannot prevent entry of fine suspende...

Drought Assessment And Forecasting Using Indices And Artificial Neural Networks For The Upper Tana River Basin, Kenya

ABSTRACT Drought is acritical stochastic natural disaster that adversely affects water resources, ecosystems and people. Drought is a condition characterized by scarcity of precipitation and/or water quantity that negatively affects the global, regional and local land-scales. At both global and regional scales, drought frequency and severity have been increasing leading to direct and indirect decline in water resources. For instance, increase in drought severity and frequency in the upper Ta...

A Modified Linear Contribution Factor Model for Improvement of Reliability Indices of Electrical Distribution Systems

ABSTRACT  In Nigeria, a satisfactory degree of reliability has not been attained in our power systems in recent times. The average duration of interruptions that customers experience is quite high and the degree varies from place to place. This is evident all around the nation, most especially in urban commercial cities. Previous researchers have focused on the assessment of power system reliability indices using different models. In this work, a computationally efficient modified linear con...

Analysis Of Orthotropic Plates In Free Vibration Regime Using Rayleigh – Ritz Method

ABSTRACT The assumed deflection shapes used in the approximate methods such asin the Rayleigh–Ritz method were normally formulated by inspection andsometimes by trial and error, until recently, when a systematic method ofconstructing such a function in the form of characteristic orthogonal polynomials(COPs) was developed in 1985. However, vibrational analyses of plates with all edges free or clamped are much more complicated. This project aims at establishing particular expressions for the...

Sliding Mode Direct Torque Control Of Three Phase Induction Machine Applicable In Electric Vehicles

   Abstract The electric vehicle relies on electric motors for propulsion. In this report, the case was made for the induction motor as a suitable candidate for this tractive application. Being able to control the electric motor invariably implies efficient control of the vehicle. This work reports the six-step operation of the constant volts/hertz (V/f) control technique for voltage fed induction motor drives. Mathematical equations supporting the principle is discussed and the drive is m...

Effects Of Selected Roofing Materials On Air Navigation Signal Propagation

ABSTRACT The environment around radio navigation aids systems (navaids) includes buildings whose roofing materials interfere with signal propagation. This interference may cause partial loss of intelligence in communication between navaids and flying aircrafts. Buildings around airports have been restricted partly because they pose threats to flight navigation. This restriction as captured in the Laws of Kenya has not been supported by sufficient data. Previous studies have shown that about h...

Impact Of Stress On The Performance Of Construction Professionals In Nigeria

Abstract In Nigeria, stress challenges are usually prevalent mostly in construction industry. The construction industry is a competitive and challenging industry. Therefore, most of the construction professionals suffer from stress. This study aims to explore the relationship between stressors, stress levels, performance, and coping behaviors among construction professionals. These professionals include project managers, architects, field and office engineers, designers, and other profe...

Energy Benchmarking And Carbon Footprint Reduction Opportunities In Portland Cement Manufacturing Processes In Nigeria.

ABSTRACT Energy benchmarking and carbon footprint reduction opportunities in Portland cement manufacturing processes in Nigeria are presented. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used to estimate the environmental impact of three cement manufacturing processes in Nigeria. The energy consumption of the cement manufacturing processes are evaluated using energy Benchmarking and Energy Savings Tool for cement (BEST-Cement). BEST-Cement evaluates and compares the energy consumption of the cement manuf...

Development Of Countermeasures Against Some Internet Security Threats

The internet is an unavoidable infrastructure that can provide enormous benefits to the average person/organization. Unfortunately there are elements whose goal is to interfere with the smooth benefits of it to users for either mischief or criminal intent. This has spawned a bourgeoning industry that focuses on developing and deploying countermeasures to the products of hackers and other internet pirates. Internet security is configured around several structural features that may be maintain...

Design, Fabrication And Evaluation Of A Beniseed (Sesamum Indicum L.) Oil Expeller

Some physical and mechanical properties of two Nigerian beniseed accessions (Yandev-55 and E8) were determined at 5 moisture content levels of 5.3, 10.6, 16.1, 22.4, and 28.3 per cent (wet basis). These were used as inputs into designing a beniseed oil expeller, as available ones could not perform effectively with the seed.   The determined physical properties were linear dimensions, size, sphericity, bulk and true densities, porosity, thousand kernel weight and coefficient of friction betw...

Genetic Algorithm Approach For Optimisation Of Silica Extraction For Micro-Crystalline Silicon Production

Solar collectors mainly produced from poly-crystalline (P-Si) and micro-crystalline silicon (µ-Si) are in high demand in Nigeria due to persistent power challenges. The silicon are mostly imported and µ-Si is preferable due to its low cost. The µ-Si is extracted from Rice Husk (RH). However, the procedure of setting its optimal process variables (temperature, time and solvent volume) which are determinants of the reduction in cost is under reported in the literature. The aim of this study ...

A Three-Factor Authentication Model For Improved Security

   ABSTRACT Cloud computing has not only emerged as an accepted computing paradigm, but is fast penetrating into major sectors of human endeavor. These include banking, human resources management, justice administration, investigation, academia/research, commerce, health administration etc. Based on the public and experts concerns about cloud applications in the mentioned sectors, preliminary investigations were carried out and it was found that security, and in particular, authenticating...

Design, Construction And Performance Evaluation Of A Magnetic Sieve Grinding Machine

ABSTRACT Technology of milling and grinding machine is one of the simplest methods of processing agricultural raw materials alternative to the traditional methods of grain/tuber processing using stone, mortar and pestle. However, machines constructed using metal plates results in tearing and wearing away of the materials of construction. The effect of this is the contamination of the processed foodstuff. This is known to have negative health implications when accumulated and consumed in larg...

Liquid Extraction Of Metal 111 Electrical Fields

More recently, Solvent Extraction of Copper from aqueous solution has been an area for considerable research and development. The present programme has gone a stage further by investigating the separation of copper from mixed solutions cf copper and iron in Electrical fields. The work was carried out in a countercurrent column which gave differential as opposed to the stage contact of previous workers. Continuous transfer of material between phases occurs resulting in the differential change ...

Evaluation Of The Performance Of Expanded Black Cotton Soil As A Hydroponic Medium

ABSTRACT The traditional system of producing crops using soil (geoponics) is currently facing major challenges resulting in food deficits. An alternative is the adoption of soil-less culture (hydroponics) which is regarded as key in increasing production of vegetables, herbs and ornamentals. The study aimed at preparing a hydroponic medium from black cotton soil and rice husks. The process entailed moulding, firing, size reduction and performance evaluation. The aggregates were evaluated on ...


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