ABSTRACT Chloroquine (CQ) drug was replaced in 1998 by Sulfadoxine - Pyrimethamine (SP) and later Artemisinin Based Combination therapy (ACT) as a first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Kenya. This was due to development of resistance to CQ in Plasmodium falciparum Welch, 1897 malaria parasite. This study set out to determine the prevalence of the CQ resistance in malaria endemic Tiwi and Mbita towns of Kenya. Blood sample were collected from out-patient candidates with uncomplicat...
Abstract Surveillance and monitoring of emerging drug resistance are important as Namibia moves towards malaria elimination. In 2005 artemisinin combination therapies (ACT) were introduced as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Namibia. However, reduced ACT efficacy has been reported in Asia and in some parts of Western Africa, raising concerns around the efficacy of artemisinin. This study aimed to identify the different Plasmodium species found in the Zambezi re...
Abstract The focus of this research was to explore the role of law enforcement agencies towards the protection of children’s rights in Bulawayo Metropolitan, from 2014-15. This research was inspired by the high rate of child abuse cases recorded in the province, hence the need to understand the trend, as local media would report a case of child abuse with each edition. The descriptive research design used on the qualitative data obtained from the law enforcement agencies, so as to obtain a ...
Abstract The objectives of this study were both to develop, optimize and validate spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods for the analysis of amlodipine besylate and esomeprazole magnesium in pharmaceutical formulations in presence of their degradation products and to study their stability under various conditions. The spectrophotometric method for amlodipine was based on either its solubility enhancement using different hydrotropic agents including potassium acetate, ammonium acetate...
Trypanosome parasite isolates are routinely collected within Human African Trypanosomiasis foci in the region and cryopreserved in a parasite cryobank at theTrypanosomiasis Research Center of the Kenya Agriculture Research Institute (KARI-TRC). Investigations were conducted to compare pathogenicity and transmissibility of drug sensitive (KETRI 2427) and resistant (EATRO 237) Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense isolates obtained from the KARI-TRC bank. Glossina pallidipes (tsetse fly vector) ...
In this paper, we explore the use of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (lPADs) to study the behavior of Caenorhabditis elegans. We show how these devices can be fabricated on paper and plastic substrates, as well as how to load, visualize, and transfer single and multiple nematodes. We also demonstrate the use of anthelmintic drug, levamisole, to perform chemical testing on C. elegans. Furthermore, we provide a custom program that is able to recognize individual worms on the lPADs i...
ABSTRACT Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important cause of human suffering and death. The impact of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on TB, drug resistant TB (DR-TB) and the implications for TB control, has been acknowledged as a major public health challenge. The influence of HIV/TB co-infection in the development of DR-TB has not yet been fully investigated in this part of the world. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the role of HIV/TB co-infection in the...
ABSTRACT HIV and AIDS was discovered as far back as 1981, however a cure for it is yet to be found. The only remedy to treat the disease is Adherence to Antiretroviral therapy. Over the years, non-adherence to ART has become an important issue in HIV and AIDS treatment. In this regard, the study sort to assess facilitators and barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV and AIDS clients seeking care at Sunyani Regional and Municipal Hospitals. The key purpose guiding the study was ...
ABSTRACT Wuchereria bancrofti is the most widely distributed of the three nematodes known to cause lymphatic filariasis, the other two being Brugia malayi and B. timori. The present study was carried out to investigate strains of W. bancrofti in mosquito vectors responsible for lymphatic filariasis transmission in Pangani district, north-eastern Tanzania. In addition, the vector abundance and vector infection rates were investigated. The presence of W. bancrofti in mosquitoes was determined...
ABSTRACT Schistosomiasis is one of the chronic threatening but neglected parasitic disease caused by trematode worms under genus schistosoma. Praziquantel is the only drug recommended by WHO for the treatment of all forms of human schistosomiasis. Praziquantel is currently facing challenges, among which selective efficacy and resistance, making it of high imperative searching for new anti-schistosomal drugs. This study aimed to evaluate schistosomacidal activity of Lannea schimperi and Sears...
The pharmaceutical develops, produces, and markets drug licensed for use as medications. They are subjected to variety of laws and regulations of the government regarding the patenting, testing, pricing and ensuring safety and efficacy and marketing of drugs. The study of sorption of rifampicin in the leaching to contaminate the under-ground water has been the concerns of researchers in the world and many results and finding has been put in place. The environment is increasingly being recogni...
ABSTRACT This study evaluates the cardio protactive effect of N-hexane extract of Desmodium Velutinum stem on albino wister rat. Rats used in this study were grouped into four and each group was fed differentely. Rats in group one, three, and four wre fed with the aid of a syringe without needle with 6ml of the lipoprotein food mixture containing 3.6g of the cow’s brain twice a day for seven days. Rats on group two was fed with only grower’s mash and water for seven days; rats in group th...
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ABSTRACT The advent of nanotechnology together with Biomedical Microelectro-Mechanical Systems (BioMEMS) for improved efficacy in treatment of cancer has resulted in the development of an implantable biomedical device for localized hyperthermia and drug delivery. This thesis work develops a mathematical framework based on relaxation losses of heating mechanism of magnetite magnetic nanoparticles synthesized with the Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) gel encasement. Numerical solution of the mathem...
Table of ContentsDECLARATION......................................................................................................................................... iiAPPROVAL ............................................................................................................................................... iiiDEDICATION............................................................................................................................................ ivACKNOWLEDGEMENT........