Research Papers/Topics in Biochemistry

Protective And Antioxidant Properties Of “Aqueous Anti-Ulcer Drug “Aqaud”, Against Aspirin-Induced Gastric Ulcers In Rats

ABSTRACT The protective and antioxidant properties of Aqueous Anti-ulcer Drug (AQAUD) against Aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in albino rats were investigated. In this study, thirty male albino rats were divided into five groups. Rats in group I served as normal control and received food and water. Animals in group II received food and water in addition to aspirin 400mg/kg.b.wt orally on the 14th day. Rats in groups III, IV and V received “AQAUD” 250mg/kg.b.wt, 500mg/kg.b.wt and Omeprazol...

Occurrence, antibiotics and disinfectants resistance of extended spectrum β-lactamases producing e. Coli and k. Pneumonia and the genes encoding for the resistance in kenya

ABSTRACT Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes that mediate resistance to βlactam antibiotics by opening the beta-lactam ring of penicillin derived antibiotics, and another family of antibiotics, rendering them inactive against the bacteria they are intended to kill. The ESBLs were first identified in 1939 and since then, they have proliferated worldwide and have been found in a number of different bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli among others. Th...

Production Of Hybrid Rice Using Environment Sensitive Genic Male Sterile (Egms) And Basmati Rice Lines

ABSTRACT Rice is the third major food crop in Kenya and, its production is estimated at 129,000 tons which is below the annual national demand of 548,000 tons. Kenya rice yields per hectare are very low compared to major producers like China. Basmati (B) varieties, B370 and B217, are preferred by most rice consumers and are cultivated as a cash crop by 98.8% of Mwea rice farmers. This is because they have strong aroma. Due to the demand, basmati rice command high premium prices locally and in...

The Phytochemical Composition, Efficacy And Safety Of Herbal Formulations Used For Management Of Hiv/Aids In Mombasa County, Kenya

ABSTRACT Kenya has the fourth largest HIV epidemic in the world with adult prevalence of 5.9% (2016) (UNAIDS). Currently 80% of HIV patients access ARVs, while the rest do not due to stigma and traditional beliefs. In the coast of Kenya some patients seek alternative treatments to manage HIV/AIDS. Pwani herbs clinic in Mombasa is a popular clinic that dispenses herbal medicines to manage HIV and AIDS. Unfortunately, these medicines have not been subjected to formal clinical research to ascert...

Determination Of The Drought Tolerance In Camellia Sinensis (L) O. Kuntze, Using Catechin Levels In Various Clones In Kericho County

    ABSTRACT The potentiality for use of catechin levels in selection for drought tolerance ability in clones of tea Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze was studied. The study reported herein was carried out in Tea Research Foundation of Kenya (TRFK) between June 2011 and March 2012. Ten clones of tea known to vary in drought tolerance were screened. The experiment was conducted in an open field over three seasons. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design and replicated...

Interferon-Gamma, Interleukin-10 And Adiponectin As Disease Progression Markers In Hiv-1 And Tuberculosis Co-Infected Non-Injection Drug Users From Mombasa, Kenya

ABSTRACT Both HIV and TB as well as substance use cause profound dysregulation in the production of inflammatory cytokines such as adiponectin, interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Although there are marked immunologic alterations in HIV and TB co-infected patients, IFN-γ, IL-10 and adiponectin levels, and their association with clinical correlates of disease such as CD4 counts, HIV-1 viral loads and BMI has not been examined in Kenyan HIV and TB co-infected non-injection su...

Effects Of Kenyan Black Tea Water Soluble Components On Theaflavins Interaction With Antibiotics Against Selected Pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract Water soluble components derived from black tea contain active antibacterial compounds, that can be utilized in combined antibiotic-herb therapy to combat bacterial resistance. This strategy is more advantageuos than using single therapy as it is more effective and has minimal side effects. However, it is not clear if the major bioactive compounds interacts with other water soluble compounds, which inturn affects their interaction with antibiotics. This research therefore aimed at co...

Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Antimalarial Interventions During Pregnancy In Blantyre, Malawi

ABSTRACT Due to an increased risk of malaria during pregnancy, WHO recommends a strategic framework for malaria prevention and control during pregnancy in areas of stable transmission in Africa such as Malawi. One of the central policies is intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). However, the emergence of SP resistance calls into question its effectiveness for IPTp. It has recently been demonstrated that 12 years after the withdrawal of chlor...

Evaluation Of Pre-Attachment And Post-Attachment Striga Hermonthica (Del.) Benth. Resistance In Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum (L.) )

ABSTRACT Striga species are parasitic weeds, one of the most devastating biological constraint threatening agriculture especially production of cereals in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), causing approximately 30% to near crop failure, thus endangering the livelihood of more than 300 million poor smallholder famers. One way of combating Striga is having natural host resistance which is cost effective and efficient for tolerance to phytopathogenic damages. Such resistance can either be due to fai...

Bioprospecting For Hypoglycemic Activities And Safety Of Selected Traditionally Used Plants In The Management Of Diabetes Mellitus

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels that result from defects in insulin secretion, or action, or both. The disorder completely throws the metabolism of dietary carbohydrates, lipids and proteins into disarray. This condition in its fully developed form is characterized by high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia), glycosuria, increased protein breakdown, ketosis and acidosis. Diabetes is a chronic medical condition which can be con...

Effects Of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy On The Liver And Kidney Functions In Hiv Patients At Coast Province General Hospital, Kenya

ABSTRACT The emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to dramatic improvements in prolonging survival of HIV-infected patients on treatment in resource-limited areas. However, the main drawback of HAART that long-term use has the potential to cause liver and kidney derangements that may be life-threatening. These important complications sometimes warrant switch or discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy. Information on the prevalence of the above complications in Ke...

Prophylactic Activity Of Hiv-Protease Inhibitors Against Malaria And Their Interaction With Antimalarial In Male Mice

ABSTRACT Malaria and HIV/AIDS have a wide geographical overlap in several tropical regions. This makes co-infection of the two diseases very common. Due to enhanced global coverage of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), HIV/AIDS patients are under ARVs including protease inhibitors (PIs). Just like HIV, malaria parasite also depend on proteases in their life cycle. Therefore, PIs against HIV could offer some level of antimalarial activity by targeting the parasite proteases. This study sought to in...

Effects Of Dichloromethane-Methanolic Leaf Extracts Of Carissa Edulis (Forssk.)Vahl On Haematological And Serum Lipid Profiles In Normal Rat Models

ABSTRACT Assesment of hematological parameters and serum lipid profiles can be used to explain blood related functions of a plant extract. The blood can act as pathological reflector and also as an indicator of the physiological state of an animal. Hematological and lipid related disorders are increasingly on the rise while conventional management of these disorders are not easily accessible. This has prompted an increased use of medicinal plants which are readily available in the management ...

Ameliorative Potential Of Psidium Guajava Leaf Ethanol Extract On Paraquat Induced Toxicity And Oxidative Stress In Albino Rats

ABSTRACT The ameliorative potential of Psidium guajava leaf ethanol extract on Paraquat induced toxicity and oxidative stress in Albino Rats were investigated. Thirty (30) healthy male wistar rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group 1 served as the normal control (NC) and received normal saline, Group 2 (Intoxicated control) received 3.5mg/kg of paraquat. Group 3 (PG200) received 200mg/kg PG leaf extract + 3.5mg/kg PQ, Group 4 (PG400) received 400mg/kg PG leaf extract + ...

Incidence And Molecular Characterization Of Neonatal Human Rotavirus Strains In Accra.

ABSTRACT Specific and sensitive tests for the detection and typing of rotavirus strains are essential for a more assessment of the epidemiology of rotaviral infection in a community. In this study, 200 stool specimens obtained from October, 1999 to March, 2000 from neonates at the Babies Unit of the Korle-Bu teaching and Legon Hospitals were examined. Group A rotavirus was detected in 30% and Non-group A in 2.5% of the samples tested by either enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for th...


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