Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by the bacilli Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The study modeled the prognostic factors for TB patients in Buluk using Kaplan-Meier, Bayesian Continuous-time Survival models, log-logistic and logistic regression models. Age, treatment time, and smear results were found to be associated with treatment outcomes. Pulmonary positive TB was identified to be the most prevalent disease category. The study unveiled that the median recovery time for p...
ABSTRACT Cryptosporidium is an intracellular zoonotic protozoan parasite that causes cryptosporidiosis, a diarrheal disease of humans and domestic animals. The parasite has been reported in a variety of domestic animals including dogs. Several species of Cryptosporidium infecting animals have also been reported in humans highlighting the zoonotic nature of the disease. This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from January -: May, 20 1 8 in Six Area Councils of the FCT. Three war...
ABSTRACT Trypanosomiasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease, transmitted to animals by tsetse fly (Glossina genus) bites. The human type causes sleeping sickness in man while animal type causes nagana in animals. The aim of this study is to characterize trypanosomes isolated from dogs and cattle in Jos South Abattoir. Isolated trypanosomes were subjected to polymerase chain reaction using kin primers targeting internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acids. The PCR ...
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ABSTRACT Interrogative structures exist in all languages of the world and the use of interrogatives is a central activity in human communication. This dessertaiion seeks to explore the phenomenon of interrogatives as it obtains in Dagara, a dialect of Dagaare spoken in the Upper West Region of Ghana within the framework of the Basic Linguistic Theory as contained in Dixon (2012). The focus of this thesis is to identify and describe the typology of the interrogative clauses in Dagara and the s...
ABSTRACT The presences of pathogenic microorganism in ice cream such as Salmonella Species, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli have been well documented, but examination of pathogenic bacteria like Bacillus cereus Yersinia enterocolitica, Brucella species and E.coli O157:H7 have been rarely studied. These studies indicated the necessity for a more steady microbial examination of ice cream since ice cream is particularly consumed by children of vulnerable age groups. Ice...
ABSTRACT Aflatoxin contamination is a major problem affecting cereal producers worldwide. Aspergillus species, which are known to produce these toxins, colonize cereals in the field, during post-harvest period through to storage. This study sought to establish variation in: (i) fungal species in maize and soil, (ii) their morphological diversity, (iii) the distribution of toxigenic Aspergillus species as well as, (iv) the seasonal variations of aflatoxins and (v) the predominant toxin type i...
Abstract Coffee Leaf Rust (CLR) is a fungal disease caused by Hemileia vastatrix Berk et Br. and is one of the major diseases of coffee. It causes premature leaf fall, yield loss and even death of the tree in severe cases. Coffee genotypes respond differently to biotic factors. This study was aimed at identifying potential sources of resistance genes to the disease. Forty five Coffea arabica L accessions were evaluated for their response to CLR under field conditions. CLR infection was asses...
ABSTRACT This is the first study done in Tanzania concerning with parasites of octopus, aimed to investigate parasites in Octopus cyanea along the Indian Ocean of Tanga region in Tanzania. Information from fishermen was required so as to determine their awareness on parasitic infections in octopus. Twenty five per cent (25.3%) agreed on the presence of parasites in octopus skin and muscles but these were not observed during laboratory investigation. Gamogony and sporogony of Aggregata sp (Ap...
ABSTRACT Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes a great socio-economic as well as a public health concern worldwide. Limited studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants kept in the pastoral and agropastoral grazing systems of Tanzania. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Brucella infections and risk factors for its transmission to human in Morogoro region, Tanzania. A cross sectional study was conducted in nine wards of...
ABSTRACT In malaria endemic areas, fever is commonly caused by malaria infection but it may be a manifestation of several childhood diseases for example bacterial and viral illnesses. Malaria microscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of malaria although other diagnostic platforms do exist for example rapid diagnostic tests. The World Health Organization recommends parasitological diagnosis by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test for all children under the age of 5 years. However, in malar...
Most of soil microorganisms are known for their ability to solubilize insoluble phosphorous compounds for releasing soluble phosphate to make phosphorous available for plant absorption. Releasement of this soluble phosphorous is very important in increasing plant growth and plant product yields. Inoculating plant seeds with phosphate solubilizing microorganisms is very effective and environmentally useful to decrease the side effect of chemical fertilizers on soil microbes and other organisms...
ABSTRACT The impact of irrigation schemes on malaria risk has been a perennial subject of debate in that transmission in irrigated areas can appear higher, less than or similar in neighboring non-irrigated villages. To study its impact on malaria transmission in the coastal savanna area of Ghana, adult Anopheles mosquito populations were studied during the dry season of 2002 - 2003 in two villages, Okyereko which is situated within a rice-growing irrigation scheme and Bewadze located 9.5km aw...
Abstract: Background: The origin of highly competent malaria vectors has been linked to productive larval habitats in the field, but there isn't solid quantitative or qualitative data to support it. To test this, the effect of larval habitat soil substrates on larval development time, pupation rates and vector competence of Anopheles gambiae to Plasmodium falciparum were examined. Methods: Soils were collected from active larval habitats with sandy and clay substrates from field sites and t...
Abstract Malaria remains a major public health concern around the world with tropical and sub-tropical regions bearing the greatest brunt despite up-scaling of control strategies. Despite the provisioning of insecticidal nets to expectant women attending antenatal care facilities, Plasmodium infections was a recurrent problem in Kakamega County. We hypothesized that socioeconomic factors were risk factors for the high prevalence levels of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections (API) among pregna...