ABSTRACT Backgroud: The burden of TB and HIV infection is estimated to be about 512/100,000 and 3,000,000 people respectively. However, accurate data on TB/HIV co-morbidity in different parts of Nigeria were not available due to limited access to HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) by individuals with TB infection. This study was designed to determine the true rate of HIV infection among newly diagnosed TB patients by providing comprehensive HCT services in 43 DOTS centers in Oyo State, Southwe...
Abstract: Microbial proteases are hydrolytic enzymes that are widely used in many industrial processes. This study aimed to evaluate the production of alkaline protease (AP) from fungal isolates sourced from avocado (Persea americana Mill.) peel (AVP) and avocado seed (AS) under solid state fermentation (SSF). AVP and AS was collocated form Harar juice house into plastic bag and serial diltuion method was used for fungal isolatin. The isolates were subutured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and...
ABSTRACT The mycoflora of two recently-developed maize (Zea mays L) varieties Abeleehi and Obaatanpa have been studied under varying ambient equilibrium relative humidities E R H ’s (55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 and 95%) representative of the Ghanaian ambient conditions. The potential pathogenicity of selected contaminating fungal species (A. alutaceus, = A. ochraceus, Fusarium, moniliforme, Penicillium digitatum, Peacilomyces carneus, P. puntoni and P. varioti) was also tested under labo...
ABSTRACT Background: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has not been given the necessary attention in Africa and particularly Ghana where incidence of TB and risk factors are high. Nearly 600,000 new MDR/RR-TB clients with 240 000 deaths reported worldwide. Regionally, Africa accounted for 25% of the reported clients. However, Ghana reported a total of 528 MDR-TB with 63 (10.3%) deaths from 2012 to 2018. Of these cases, 44 (13.6%) were reported in Brong Ahafo Region over the same perio...
ABSTRACT THE STUDY HIV/AIDS is a worldwide problem generally and a particular one in Namibia. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a fatal disease caused by the Human Immune Virus (HIV). This disease has become an epidemic, infecting tens of millions of people worldwide. The virus, which is transmitted from one individual to another through the exchange of body fluids (such as blood or semen, and breast milk) attacks white blood cells, thereby causing the body to lose its capacity ...
TABLE OF CONTENTDECLARATION.................................................................................................................................. iAPPROVAL........................................................................................................................................ iiDEDICATION ...................................................................................................................................iiiACKNOWLEDGMENT...................................
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to conduct a parasitological survey of Schistosoma haematobium infection among school children in Mkuranga District. The study has three specific objectives: First, to determine the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis, second to determine the intensity of infection of urinary Schistomiasis and third to assess awareness, knowledge, attitude and practices related to the occurrences of urinary schistosomiasis among school children in Mkuranga District. The da...
ABSTRACT Herbal medications are becoming increasingly popular but a most-extraordinary claim by traditional/herbal medical practitioners relates to a Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus, which has been depicted as a deadly sexually transmitted disease that manifest in the form of worms and other symptoms; with contributory roles including infertility, sexual dysfunction and impotency. They further boasted that they are the only ones that possessed the remedy (herbal) for the Staphylococc...
Abstract This study is about the spatial patterns of the Mycobacterium ulcerans infections (Buruli ulcer) in the Akwapim South district. The Triangle of Human Ecology model was used to account for the observed spatial patterns of the disease. The spatial distribution of the disease was mapped through the residential addresses of the patients as shown in the district medical records. The endemic communities were stratified into three segments namely the high, low and nonendemic areas or zones....
ABSTRACT Rice, the second most important cereal crop globally, is mainly grown for food and is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population. In sub-Saharan Africa biotic stresses and lack of resources are major production constraints to food production. An estimated yield loss of 16% attributed to weed infestation is recorded in the region with Striga spp. being the most prominent. Striga hermonthica and Striga asiatica constrain production of cereals while Striga gesnerioides...
Abstract Rhizosphere studies of two local green vegetables, Celpsia argentea Linn and Hibiscus esculentus. Linn (new name Abelmoschus esculentus) were studied from vegetative stage to senescence. The viable seeds of both vegetables were collected and planted on garden beds made from sandy loam soil. Samples were collected at two-week intervals at 9.00 hrs in the the morning. Morphologically, A. esculentus (okra) had 3 leaves with more dense rooting system at 2 weeks than C.argentea (solo) wit...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Group B streptococcus (GBS) naturally colonises the lower gastrointestinal and female genitourinary tract. It poses a great risk of morbidity and mortality to infants born to colonised mothers. It is highly implicated in maternal infections such as endometritis and chorioamnionitis as well as neonatal infections such as pneumonia, meningitis and septicaemia. It also causes stillbirths and miscarriages in colonised women. Group B streptococcus infection in neonates is class...
Abstract Background: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare renal tumor that arises as a complication of chronic obstructive pyelonephritis of uncertain etiology. It is primarily an adult tumor seen occasionally in children associated with urinary tract obstruction due to congenital urological anomalies, nephrolithiasis, and recurrent urinary tract infections. Radiologically, it may show neoplastic features such as those seen in common pediatric renal malignancies like wilms’ tu...
ABSTRACT Introduction. Burn injury is a highly prevalent problem globally, nationally and locally, burn occurs when hot liquids, hot solids or flames destroy part or all of the cells in the skin or other tissues. With advancements in management of burn, over the last 50 years, infection is now the leading cause of death after extensive burn injuries. Objectives. To determine prevalence, body pattern and bacteriological susceptibility of chronic burn wound at UDOM affiliated teaching hospitals...
ABSTRACT The relationship between five randomly selected isolates of Aspergillus niger from naturally infected bulbs of shallot and two shallot cultivars (Allium ascalonicum L.) was investigated. The two cultivars were “Pale-brown” and “Pink”- named for the colours of their scale leaves. A. niger causes bulb rot of shallots which have important uses in food and traditional medicine in Ghana The relationship showed by the cultivars were similar in some aspects and different in many oth...