Engineering

Research Papers/Topics in Engineering

Activated carbon production from wastes: profitability index and product cost reduction method

ABSTRACT A previous paper on developing a national capability for the manufacture of activated carbon from agricultural waste by the same authors was considered. In the said paper, the process flow diagram for the manufacture of Granular Activated Carbon from three agricultural wastes namely coconut shell, oil-palm shells and sugarcane bagasse was provided and the plant’s economic analysis done. The objectives of this study were to investigate selling price reducing options and profitabilit...

A Bi-Criteria Algorithm for the Simultaneous Minimization of Makespan and Number of Tardy Jobs on a Single Machine with Sequence Dependent Set-up Time

Abstract Scheduling models based on efficient resources utilization without sufficient consideration for customer satisfaction or vice-visa is inadequate in many real-life multi-criteria scheduling problems. This work was aimed at the development of a bi-criteria algorithm for the simultaneous optimization of Makespan (Cmax) and Number of tardy jobs (NT) in a single machine problem with Sequence dependent set-up time. An existing single criterion algorithm, the Set Sequencing Algorithm, was ...

DEVELOPMENT AND PRELIMINARY PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A SOLAR COLLECTOR FOR ADSORPTION REFRIGERATOR

Abstract The design and construction of a flat plate solar collector is presented in this paper. The solar collector was designed to power adsorption refrigerator using activated carbon/methanol pair. Design was such as to provide simplicity and yet ruggedness for harsh operating environment in the tropical climate of Nigeria. For methanol desorption, the collector must reach a maximum temperature of at least 100"C. Performance results showed that the maximum temperature of 10aoC attained in ...

Life Cycle Assessment of Point-of-Lay Birds to Frozen Chicken Production in Southwestern Nigeria

ABSTRACT Poultry production is one of the major contributors to global environmental degradation. Currently, livestock raised for meat uses about a third of global ice-free terrestrial land and produces 18% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This is more than ·the global transportation sector (FAO, 2006). Livestock production is also one of the mail). drivers of deforestation and degradation of wildlife habitats. Due to increasing population size and per capita meat consumption 'in th...

Effect of Operating Conditions on Acoustic Gas Metering in the Niger Delta

ABSTRACT This study investigated the relationship between velocity of sound and properties of natural gases under different equations of state and the operational implications on acoustic gas metering. The velocity of sound was related to the thermodynamic properties of natural gas using both the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) and Peng-Robinson (PR) equations of state and applied to 5 wet and 5 dry natural gas samples from the Niger Delta at different conditions of temperature and pressure. Predic...

Combustion of 'As Received' Palm Kernel Shell in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustor

ABSTRACT Low cost and minimum emission of green house gases are two of the key advantages of using agricultural wastes as fuel in a bubbling fluidized bed combustor; however this advantage could be neutralized if significant cost and energy is spent on processing prior to usage of the waste, therefore if processing stage could be circumvented without compromising effectiveness and efficiency, a substantial operational cost saving could be achieved when using biomass as fuel in a commercial sc...

Determination of Discharge Co-efficient of Rectangular Side Weirs

ABSTRACT The characteristics of flow over side weirs are taken into consideration to verify the discharge coefficient for subcritical flow conditions under the assumption of constant specific energy. The main channel discharge, length of weir crest and sill height of the weir are treated as controlled variables. The discharge coefficient Cd is found to depend 011 the Upstream Froude No 171 and also on the ratio of sill height to upstream flow depth S/Yl . Simple linear regression analysis was...

Optimization of Single Source Multi-Products Multi-Destination Supply Chain System

ABSTRACT Optimal allocation of products to downstream locations is a major requirement for minimizing the distribution costs associated with supply chain systems. Unfortunately many supply chain managers rely on, their intuition and feelings to make these allocation decisions. In this study a mathematical model was developed for minimizing the distribution cost in a multi-product 2-echleon supply chain system. The distribution system of a leading bottling plant in Nigeria was studied to under...

Prototype Design and Test Analysis of a Beans Particle Seperating Machine

ABSTRACT The initial stages of the design, fabrication and performance analysis of a prototype beans particle seperating machine discussed in this work. The working principle of the machine is based on the difference in aerodynamic properties as the basis for seperation of beans and associated foreign particles, mainly chaff and stones. To achieve the pneumatic principle ,the archetype design necessitated the incorporation of two blower fans at various tilt angles to the horizontal plane. The...

Lorenz-Based Chaotic Secure Communication Schemes

ABSTRACT Secure communication systems employing chaos have recently attracted significant interest. This is partly due to their high unpredictability and simplicity of implementation over conventional secure communications systems. This study presents the implementation of four chaotic modulation techniques employing Lorenz system as chaos generator. The techniques are Chaotic Masking (CM), Chaos Shift Keying (CSK), Chaos On-Off Keying (COOK), and Differential Chaos Shift Keying (DCSK). Simul...

Modelling of solar energy potential in Nigeria using an artificial neural network mode

ABSTRACT In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) based model for prediction of solar energy potential in Nigeria (lat. 4–14N, log. 2–15E) was developed. Standard multilayered, feed-forward, back-propagation neural networks with different architecture were designed using neural toolbox for MATLAB. Geographical and meteorological data of 195 cities in Nigeria for period of 10 years (1983–1993) from the NASA geo-satellite database were used for the training and testing the networ...

A Risk Analysis Model for Fire Disasters in Commercial Complexes in Nigeria.

ABSTRACT The frequent occurrence of fire accidents in commercial complexes has become a serious problem in Nigeria. The development of a quantitative tool for evaluating the proneness of a commercial complex to so called 'market fires' is the focus of this study. A rigorous review of the literature was carried to identify and characterize some existing risk analysis models applicable to the problem. Some past fire disasters were analyzed. Using the insight gained from the above, a mathematica...

Application of hybrid structural interaction matrix to quality management

ABSTRACT This paper applies the concept of Hybrid Structural Interaction Matrix (IISIM) to the management of quality in a manufacturing organisation. 111e application is motivated by the need 10 evolve alternative prioritisation tools in quality management. A process, which could be used to analyse a specific situation, was presented by showing how Structural Interaction Matrix (SIM) and Hierarchical Tree Structure Diagram (lITSD) could be used 10 create a model. The result indicates the feas...

ENERGY ANALYSIS FOR PRODUCTION OF POWDERED AND PELLETISED ORGANIC FERTILIZER IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT Energy study was conducted in an organic fertilizer plant in Ibadan, Nigeria, to determine the energy requirement for production of both powdered and pelletised organic fertilizer. The energy consumption patterns of the unit operations were evaluated for production of 9,000 kg of the finished products. The analysis revealed that eight and nine defined unit operations were required for the production of powder and pellets, respectively. The electrical and manual energy required for t...

DESIGN OF A SINGLE PHASE GRID CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEM USING MATLAB/ SIMULINK

ABSTRACT  There is much concern about the fossil fuel exhaustion and the environmental problems associated with conventional power generation. PV systems are the most direct way to convert solar radiation into electricity and are based on the PV effect, which was first observed by Henri Becquerel in 1839.  It is quite generally defined as the emergence of an electric voltage between two electrodes attached to a solid or liquid system upon shining light onto this system. Practically, a...


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