ABSTRACT Low soil pH and phosphorus are among the major soil constraints which limit BNF and soybean production in sub-Saharan Africa. Most Probable Number (MPN) plant infection technique and glasshouse pot experiment were conducted at SUA to estimate the population of native Bradyhizobium japonicum and determine the effect of lime and phosphorus on soil pH and BNF by soybean in an Ultisol. The pot experiment was a 33 factorial in a split plot experimental design replicated two times. The ma...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Gender inequalities are said to be a stumbling block to development efforts. Conversely inequalities are reported in many agricultural value chains. Therefore, understanding of gender participation differences within Sunflower Value Chain (SVC) is important in promoting sustainable and equitable opportunities in the agricultural value chain. This study was set to map the sunflower value chain and analyse the levels and determinants of gender participation along the chain. ...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Copwpea, (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), belonging to the family Fabaceae, is one of the most important food legumes in semi-arid areas. It is a multipurpose crop with immense nutritional value and has significant potential to address malnutrition. However, the parasitic weed Alectra vogelii poses major threat to cowpea productivity throughout tropical and sub-tropical Africa. A. vogelii has developed strains specific to cowpea. Effective control of damage caused by A. vogell...
ABSTRACT This study was done in Kisarawe District to examine socio-economic factors influencing primary school education attainment. The study concentrated in five villages of Mwanzomgumu, Vikumburu, Marui Mipera, Kauzeni and Sangwe. The study was based on a literature review, focus group discussions and interviews. Data were collected using structured and semi-structured questionnaires plus open and closed questions. A cross-sectional survey method was employed for the study. Five wards wer...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta is a destructive and highly invasive insect pest of tomato and other solanaceous plants including plants in the family Fabaceae like beans. The range of host for the moth is extensive requiring in-depth surveys on both solanaceous and Fabaceae crops along with weeds to fully understand it. This study was aimed at understanding the spatiotemporal distribution of the moth along the Uluguru Mountains in Morogoro. The moth preference to alternati...
ABSTRACT The study examined the relationship between household income and malaria control measures and practices in Bagamoyo District. It specifically aimed at: examining the extent to which households use their income in preventive measures and practices; determining the extent to which malaria is an income problem. The study used a cross-sectional research design, and data were collected using structured questionnaires and standardised interview guides as well as personal observation. Data...
ABSTRACT The Half Mile Forest Strip (HMFS) around Mt Kilimanjaro has for a long time been the most important buffer zone to Mt Kilimanjaro ecosystem. The strip was set aside in 1941 with emphasis on production of wood and non wood forest products for local use. Rising demands for these products from the forest called for socio-economic analysis and review of the production options on the strip. The aerial survey done in year 2001 revealed that the strip was not managed effectively to the ext...
ABSTRACT Agriculture sustains the livelihoods of about 80% of Tanzanian households. Cotton is amongst the two most important export cash crops in Tanzania and the first for the Western cotton-producing zone. Although Tanzania’s cotton output has increased, average cotton yields in the country reported being only 760 kg /ha though yields of about 1200 kg/ha can be realized. The objective of this study was to measure the performance of cotton smallholder farmers. Technical factors that affec...
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine status of wheat stem rust disease in Tanzania and how the available wheat varieties react to the prevailing isolates of this disease. The study aimed at identifying isolates groups and resistant varieties, and draw implications for farmers, research and extension. Wheat stem rust disease survey was conducted in twenty fields from Manyara, Mbeya, Iringa Kilimanjaro and Arusha regions. Of all the fields surveyed 60% were infected by stem rust dise...
ABSTRACT The study was conducted in order to assess performance in revenue collection from fresh water fishes at Nyamagana Municipal Council. Specifically the study aimed at identifying sources of revenue from fishery sub sector at the Municipality; determining revenue collection gap between 2000 and 2010; as well as determining administrative factors that influence revenue collection performance and assessing extent sub sectoral factors influence revenue collection in the fishery sub sector...
ABSTRACT In this study, the factors that influence rural producer organizations in facilitating smallholder farmers to access to agricultural markets were studied. The study used survey data from 120 smallholder farmers (86 members and 34 non-members of smallholder farmer organizations). The study sample was selected using a stratified random sampling technique based on a number of farmer organisations. The study employed a triangulation of data from both primary and secondary data sources. ...
ABSTRACT Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are listed among the major fruit pests distributed in all fruit growing areas of the world. Fruit flies compete with human beings for food resources by causing direct damage to fruits and vegetables. The damage they cause brings about negative economic and social impacts to man since he depends on fruits for important food nutrients, employment and income. The fruit fly problem in Tanzania and Africa has been aggravated since the invasion of the ne...
ABSTRACT Currently, cooperative enterprises in Ethiopia are growing in terms of numbers and membership. However, despite growing policy attention and researchers‟ interest in cooperatives, the issue of members‟ participation, in relation to the performance of cooperatives has not been adequately addressed. The overall objective of this study was to determine the influence of members‟ participation in their cooperative financial performance of cooperatives. The study used a cross-secti...
ABSTRACT Village Community Banks (VICOBA) play an important role of enabling the poor save and access credit. Specifically, the current study aimed at identifying factors influencing VICOBA activities in alleviation of income poverty; identifying major challenges facing community participation in VICOBA activities; examining the effectiveness of VICOBA in alleviation of income poverty and determination of the community‟s attitude towards VICOBA. The study used a cross-sectional research de...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Maize (Zea mays) is the most important food crop in Kenya. However, its productivity is greately constrained across the Kenya highlands. Soil acidity and low available phosphorus (P) are among the major hindrances to maize production in acid soils of the Kenya highlands. A survey, greenhouse experiment and field trials were carried out to assess the extent of soil acidity, soil nutrient levels and common soil management practices by farmers that contribute to the poor growt...