ABSTRACT Migrants and Indigenes in big cities tend to suffer similarly from marginalization. However, the mechanism that induce poverty among the two groups are not the same. Urban communities are heterogeneous with different poverty patterns and dynamics. Accra, the capital city of Ghana is no exception. The phenomenon has led to the emergence of slums in the capital. The urban poor live a life of insecurity and suffer basic social deprivations. This work takes a comparative study approach ...
ABSTRACT This research was carried out to quantify supply of charcoal in Dodoma Urban. Specifically, the study intended to (1) quantify the amount of charcoal that pedestrians bring in Dodoma Urban daily, (2) identify species of plants mostly used to make charcoal, (3) determine the source areas where the charcoal production is carried out, (4) analyze the charcoal prices from the source area and at the market place. Point count technique was used to enumerate amount of charcoal brought to D...
ABSTRACT The biological activity of dry, ground plant parts (dust) and tablets of Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides (Lam.) was assessed in both the laboratory and on the field against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Dry ground leaves, bark and roots were prepared in various proportions of 60% leaves and 40% roots; 70% leaves and 30% roots; 80% leaves and 20% roots; 90% leaves a...
ABSTRACT The efficiency of energy sources used by households was experimentally determined in this study. To achieve the study objectives, comparison was done between different energy sources such as LPG, electricity, charcoal and firewood. The comparison was determined by observing efficiency of energy sources and the subsequent cost. The tools like experimentation, questionnaire, interviews, and documentary data were used. Four types of energy sources were employed to cook 250g of beans. Th...
ABSTRACT Sustainability of open spaces in urban centres is threatened by overpopulation. A study was conducted in 2014 within four wards of Dodoma Capital City District (CCD), to investigate the influence of urban expansion on institutional arrangements for management of urban open spaces. Specific objectives being to establish the trends of urban expansion in relation to open space provision and accessibility; to identify institutions, roles, mandates and to identify important strength, weak...
ABSTRACT Huge pressures on protected areas (PAs) in the Serengeti ecosystem in Tanzania are increasing through the extractive use by surrounding communities and human-wildlife-related conflicts, which undermine conservation objectives and human welfares. The study examined household reliance on environmental income and wildlife-induced costs due to crop raiding and livestock depredation along the gradient of distance from Serengeti National Park (SNP) boundary in the western Serengeti. Data w...
ABSTRACT The study examined the effect of temperature on the effectiveness of the triple-layer hermetic bag in controlling P. truncatus and S. zeamais damaging maize in the store and how the temperature affects the tensile strength of the polyethene material used. The specific objectives include the determination of the moisture content, oxygen depletion rate and seed viability of the maize. Five (5) kilogrammes of local maize variety (Abrodenkye) with the initial moisture content of 14.6% w...
Abstract This study assesses the contribution of small scale mining towards environmental degradation. Field observation, insitu measurements and laboratory analysis were conducted to determine environmental consequences caused by poor adherence to standard mining practices by artisanal and small scale miners in Ashiraq Mines in Tanzania. Field observation revealed significant land and soil disturbance in the study area such as the existence of abandoned old workings. Direct measurements of p...
Box 35176, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Abstract Soil stabilization by addition of industrial solid wastes in order to increase trace metals retention and (a minor secondary effect) to dilute their concentrations is an environmentally friendly and attractive soil remediation process that attenuates trace metals impact. In this study, non-hazardous industrial by-products (sugar foam, gypsum, zeolitic materials and fly ashes) were tested using laboratory scale STECH,4(2), S/NO 10, MAY, 2015 87 Copyr...
ABSTRACT A study was conducted to determine the effect of post-harvest losses on artisanal fisheries production in Mtera Dam, Tanzania, based on specific objectives: (1) to analyze factors associated to post harvest loss, (2)to quantify the amount in post harvest losses at Mtera Dam, and (3) to evaluate mitigation measuresto overcome post-harvest losses. A cross-sectional research design was adopted whereby both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used. The sample size of th...
ABSTRACT Sustainability of many rangelands including Simanjiro Maasai steppe rangelands is limited in part by invasive plant species. A study was conducted among two selected village rangelands (Terrat and Sukuro) of the Simanjiro district aimed to (1) determine the effect of Ipomoea hildebrandtii and I. kituiensis on herbage species composition, richness, and basal cover; and (2) determine the effect of Ipomoea hildebrandtii and I. kituiensis on herbage biomass productivity. Other objectives...
ABSTRACT A study was conducted at Marumbi and Uroa villages of Central District of Unguja Zanzibar to assess diversity of medicinal trees species based on specific objectives: (1) to determine diversity of medicinal tree species in the two study village forests; and (2) to determine extent of extraction of medicinal trees: A total of 99 circular plots (radius, r= 11.28 m) were laid down systematically. Medicinal trees were identified and recorded against tree tally, and computed for indices ...
Abstract: The socio-economic livelihoods of grapevine farmers can partly be improved through their ability to avert the impacts of climate change circumventing grapevine production. Grapevine farmers’ ability to cope with climate change is determined by the application of adaptation strategies which minimize impacts on grapevine production. However, the influence of grapevine production factors on grapevine farmers’ adaptive capacity to climate change is not well known. This compelled to ...
Abstract The objective of this experimental study was to determine the kinetics and equilibrium sorption of Cr(VI) in soils collected from Hengshui City of Hebei Province, China, based on batch experiments. The main concentration for this paper is on the effect of soil pH, solute concentration and ionic strength as the variable factors in the sorption of Cr(VI) in soils and the assessment of their implications to the environment. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for Cr(III) ...
ABSTRACT This study assessed the diversity of parasites of milkfish Chanos chanos cultured along Zanzibar coasts. The study analyzed the prevalence, mean intensity, diversity and richness of parasites species and to relate the occurrence of this parasites in relation to physico- chemical parameters of the ponds water and feeding modes of the fish. Three different localities were selected for this investigation. A total of 110 milkfish were dissected, the body cavity of each fish removed out v...