ABSTRACT Despite the positive impact of Acacia mearnsii (Black Wattle) production presented in literature as an alternative source of energy and income for rural poor, the value chain for black wattle in terms of who are the actors along the chain, what value addition activities are performed and economic performance at the main node have received low research attention. This study analysed the value chain of, and its contribution to the rural livelihoods in Njombe and Lushoto Districts. Dat...
ABSTRACT Water is one of the scarce resources very important for the development for humankind hence efficient allocation is needed. Economically, efficient allocation of water is desirable to maximize the welfare of the society that obtains from available sources. The rural population water supply services have been left behind which increase with domestic water demand. There are some initiatives in Moshi Rural District to establish some water projects so as to solve the problem of water sc...
ABSTRACT Human-elephant conflicts (HEC) have been persistent in Ikorongo-Grumeti Game Reserves (IGGRs) and the adjacent communities of Bunda and Serengeti districts, Mara region. This study aimed to identify factors leading to HEC, examine losers and gainers, determine barriers to applied measures and suggest new approaches and techniques for effective mitigation of HEC. Data collection involved direct observations, key informant interviews and household survey using questionnaires. The anal...
ABSTRACT Alien plant are plant species introduced in a new area outside their native range and when spread beyond the place of introduction, they become invasive thereby suppressing regeneration of native plants. There is little empirical evidence explaining the effects of the extent of spread of alien plant on regeneration of native tree species. This study was conducted in Amani Botanical Garden (ABG) to assess the effects of selected alien plants on recruitment of native tree species. A c...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Heteropsylla cubana has caused damaging effects to Leucaena leucocephala in Tanzania since its outbreak in 1992. The major objectives of the study were; to determine population density of H. cubana, mummies of T. leucaena and P. yaseeni, indigenous predators associated with H. cubana, infestation density and shoot health of L. leucocephala resulting from H. cubana attack in Morogoro and Tanga region. The Point Centre Quarter method was employed to select L. leucocephala for...
ABSTRACT Paper is an office necessity for some essential tasks, but it has an environmental cost. The economics of paper use and its implications to the environment in Institutions of high learning, using Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) as a case study was investigated and reported in this work. The objectives of the study were to determine the annual amount of paper used for different purposes at SUA; to estimate the annual cost of buying paper at SUA and to estimate the annual numb...
ABSTRACT Privatization of solid waste management services has not achieved the anticipated results of improving solid waste management in the country. In most urban areas, the provided solid waste management services are not appreciated and supported by service receivers. This may be due to non-inclusion of household preferences and willingness to pay for solid waste management services in designing these services. A Choice Experiment Method was used in this study to assess household prefere...
ABSTRACT Over the past three decades, coastal marine ecosystems of Tanzania have experienced a notable decline in the state of their environment through loss of natural habitats and biodiversity. Much of this change is attributable to human activities. This study investigated changes that have occurred as a result of human activities and climate change/variability, for the period between 2001 and 2011. Two demographically different locations in Zanzibar, namely Kisakasaka and Bumbwini were s...
ABSTRACT The study on the extent and potential of forest plantation in Tanzania was carried out in three selected zones of Southern highlands, Lake and Northern. It was specifically conducted to verify the current area of forest plantation under different ownership, assess the expansion potential of forest plantation under different ownership, and assess factors affecting expansion of forest plantation in Tanzania and propose interventions measures. Primary data were collected using prepared ...
ABSTRACT Conflicts between human and crocodiles are increasing due to increase in human population. The conflicts have significant impacts on both human and crocodile populations. The study focused on assessment of human-crocodile conflicts in areas adjacent to Lake Rukwa and Momba River, Momba District, Mbeya Region Tanzania, for the period of 2003 to 2012. Cross-sectional research design and purposive sampling of villages were used in data collection. A total of 120 households were randoml...
ABSTRACT The extensive use of biological products from forests has become common in providing critical sources of medicine, food, and fodder and cash income, making dry forests the largest natural supermarket for millions of people in sub Saharan Africa. The study examined the role of Non-Timber Forest Products in the enhancement of rural livelihoods in ward 8 of Chirumanzu District. The study identified and evaluated the role of NTFPs using quantitave and qualitative approaches. Data wa...
ABSTRACT Rural roads are very cardinal to the socio-economic development of the rural population. They enhanced increased agricultural production, facilitate access to educational and health facilities and provide spatial interaction among rural communities. However, in Nigeria, the condition of rural roads is pathetic. More than 70% of rural road network is in deplorable condition, which is due partly to inadequate finance, weak technical knowhow of personnel, the use of heavy equipment, of...
A B S T R A C T Wetland degradation and loss has persisted in developing countries due to existence of poor institutional frameworks supporting wetland governance. Therefore, wetland ecosystem services that support the livelihoods of most subsistence populations in rural areas are concomitantly lost. This paper explores the nature and consequences of institutional arrangements governing wetland access, utilization and conservation in six communal wetlands in Zimbabwe. Data were collected thro...