ABSTRACT This study compared the livelihood strategies of two communities in Kilombero Valley, following the coming of agro-pastoralists with large herds of cattle. These are the indigenous peasants and the migrant agro-pastoralists. The study used cross sectional design employing both random and purposive sampling to obtain the respondents. The study used Dietary Diversity Score and anthropometric assessments of the under-five children. Results show that the proportion of households with DD...
ABSTRACT Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), an annual grain legume is a hardy crop well adapted to semi arid areas. Information on optimum fertilizer rates and plant population density has not been developed for the semi arid areas of Kenya. This study conducted in Feb-June 2005 (1st season) and June-October 2005 (2nd season) at National Animal Husbandry Research Centre (NAHRC), Naivasha, determined the effect of applying four different nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg/ha) and four...
ABSTRACT The study analysed the marketing of dry season vegetables in South-East Nigeria. This study was carried out with five specific objectives. The specific objectives included (i) description of the channel, as well as the analysis of the structure and conduct of marketing of dry season vegetables in South-East Nigeria; Objective (ii) determined the marketing margins of dry season vegetables marketers; (iii) determined the effect of the constraints on the margins of dry season vegetable...
ABSTRACT Land fragmentation is a major problem in most parts of the world as it restricts agricultural development, reduces productivity and opportunities for rural development. Kisii County shows a clear case of land fragmentation due to high population pressure and poverty. This study was conducted with the aim of examining the effect of land fragmentation on agricultural productivity by examining the technical efficiency of households in the area. The specific objectives were to determine ...
ABSTRACT In recent years, organic agriculture has been gaining considerable importance. Many farmers today show interest all over the world in organic farming. Several of them have begun switching to this traditional method of cultivation as a means to produce safe foodstuffs and preserve the environment. The concept of organic farming is not new, but it has been scantly studied. An organic spice farming is a part of the organic farming which requires to be studied widely. Spice production i...
ABSTRACT The study was conducted in order to examine the sexual HIV transmission risky behaviour of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in Kinondoni Municipality, Dar es Salaam. It also examined factors affecting HIV and AIDS, and assessed people’s perceptions and attitudes towards HIV and AIDS. The primary data were collected from 100 respondents through questionnaire survey, interviews and participant observations. The secondary data were collected from reviewing various literatures ...
ABSTRACT The study was conducted to identify the challenges in administering the Cross River State Ministry of Agriculture, Nigeria. All the staff of the ministry constituted the population for the study. A proportionate sampling technique was used in selecting respondents, with twenty percent (20%) of respondents from each of the departments. Thus the total sample size for the study was one hundred and thirteen (113) respondents. Percentages, mean and frequency were used in the presentation...
ABSTRACT Commercialization of agriculture provides farm households with a means to alleviate poverty and food insecurity in rural areas. This is due to the fact that commercialization increases farm household income and widens the ability to attain food diversity. In Rwanda, common bean is grown by a large proportion of the rural population for both domestic and market purposes. Based on the nutritional and agronomic attributes, there is rising national and regional demand for common bean. Si...
ABSTRACT Poverty alleviation is the most urgent task facing humanity today. It is a challenge that no country, developed or developing can forego. The characteristics of rural and urban poverty are quite different. In order to reduce rural poverty in Tanzania, improvement in farm incomes of majority of the rural population is necessary. One of the strategies which can be used as an intervention to alleviate poverty is Migowe. This study therefore, was designed to investigate the role played ...
ABSTRACT Recently, there has been emergence in the use of modern Information Communication Technologies (ICT) in the different operations of agrienterprises. This ranges from the provision of agricultural information to marketing of agricultural products through the use of ICT tools such as mobile phones, television and radio. Despite the potential of ICT tools to enhance efficiency in agrienterprises operations, little is known about the effect of ICT use on performance and farm income of s...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Climate change is expected to influence of water flow, crop and livestock production, availability of pastures and other components of agricultural systems. On the contrary, the agro-pastoral gender roles are no longer sustainable due to the impact of climate change, resulting in changes of water flow. The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of climate change on gender roles in agro-pastoralists community in Mvomero District, Tanzania. The study adopted...
ABSTRACT Genetic and phenotypic parameters for longevity, genetic relationship between longevity and growth, milk yield and fertility traits and rate of inbreeding were estimated for Sahiwal cattle in Kenya. The aim was to assess the genetic diversity and inbreeding depression for performance traits. Data utilized were for cows born between 1972 and 2004 and with milk production records between 1976 and 2008. Measures of longevity related to productive life were: time between birth (Long_1) o...
ABSTRACT On-farm tree planting has been practiced all over the world in order to supplement reserved forests in terms of wood products. On-farm tree planting was a strategy to reduce pressure in the Amani Nature Reserve (ANR), which is biologically important in the Eastern Arc Mountains and globally at large. The objectives of this study were to assess the contribution of on-farm trees in conservation of the biodiversity of ANR. Measurements were taken from total of 135 on-farm plots measuri...
ABSTRACT Market intergration and access, are critical and important aspects to rural poor households. They are a pre-requisite for enhancing agriculture based economic growth through the improvement of competitiveness of farming enterprise and improving rural incomes. Several studies have been conducted on participation and access of small-scale farmers in rice and other crops marketing in Africa, but, specific information on the extent to which small-scale rice farmers are integrated into d...
ABSTRACT Soil physical and hydraulic properties determine soil productivity. Tillage alters the structure and composition of a soil consequently influencing important soil processes such as water, air, heat flux, resistance to root penetration and nutrient availability. Soil layers have distinct physical properties which influence water movement in a profile. This study investigated long term effects of conventional, conservation and no tillage systems with or without initial subsoiling on so...