Abstract: The academic study of sovereignty is undergoing a renaissance. The dynamics of sovereignty have witnessed different treatise ever since the formation of the state system. The paradox and ambiguity of the concept is unavoidable as long as it is linked to the state. This thesis shall critically examine the nature of the concept state sovereignty and trace its origins, usage, and development. International Relations (IR), as a social science is subject to different interpretations of ...
Abstract: Somalia has been without a functioning central government since January 1991, when the military regime collapsed and civil war among clan militias broke out. During the subsequent decade, de facto decentralization of political power largely along clan lines has occurred, with varying degrees of territorial control achieved by militia leaders and local administrations in different areas of the country. The study focuses on the factors and dynamics at play in the Somalia conflict by ...
Abstract: The following study will investigate the subject of Humanitarian Intervention. It will further explore its application in the Libyan situation of 2011 and consequently it will also analyse the conundrum associated with this intervention. Humanitarian intervention today is as debatable as it was in the early 19th century. The doctrine of Humanitarian intervention therefore, precariously sits in between realism and idealism in the study of international relations. In Africa, traditio...
Abstract: Since the advent of the civil strife in 1991 after Barre’s regime was overthrown, numerous peace initiatives have been initiated in attempts to stabilize Somalia. Nevertheless, these initiatives faced various challenges generated internally and externally hence the success limitations. However, the Kenyan intervention to Somalia “Operation Linda Nchi” that was initiated in October 2011 has since bore fruits in peace restoration inside Somalia. This study research seeks to acc...
Abstract: Donors consider Tanzania a model country because of the way it has taken ownership of the development agenda as per the Paris Declaration of 2005. Since Tanzania is so heavily dependent on aid, it is worth exploring if Tanzania’s dependency does not negate its sovereignty and allows it to retain space for genuine ownership. This dissertation examines the impact of donor conditionalities on Tanzania’s sovereignty and investigates the strategies used by Tanzania to manage aid and...
Abstract: Observable trends indicate that a religious leader can make any adherent into what he or she wishes them to be; they can make them shave their hair, sell their property, stop seeking medical intervention, adopt a specific dressing code, eat or not eat certain foods, adopt beliefs that change their perceptions of life, and the list is endless. This research focused on the “power” to influence that these religious leaders could have in the form of counseling skills. The survey ai...
Abstract: South Africa made history in 1994 with its successful transition from apartheid to democratic majority rule. Building on this success, and the stature of Nelson Mandela, its first President, the country's profile grew globally. The expectation that the country would do more to stabilize the African continent also grew. The country, in its foreign policy, and discourses relating to its international relations has sought to situate Africa as a priority, with clear understanding that ...
Abstract: Conflicts in Africa are ongoing and have taken a toll on the structures many states. They involve many crimes that are committed by groups such a militia rebels to achieve power, or by the government itself to maintain power. One of the common conflicts that Africa has experienced over the years is Genocide. Genocide has taken the lives of millions and continues to be a threat to the African society today. Humanitarian Intervention has been used to attend to such crimes, however it...
Abstract: Almost every internal war has an external component. Some external effects are purposive, where external actors aid and abet internal factions and governments. There are cases, however, of purposive international action that have prevented, mitigated, resolved, or managed internal conflicts. International response to conflict has always presented new dynamics to an existing conflict. The role of a variety of international actors, including individuals, states, international organiz...
Abstract: Since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the U.S. has focused the majority of its foreign policy on the threat of terrorism’. In the Greater Horn of Africa, Somalia’s increasing radicalization and 20 years of chaos has placed the nation and its growing class of young fighters at the center of U.S. strategy in the region. American support to Somalia’s regional neighbors has therefore been tailored to combat the Somali threat more readily than internal issues within thos...
Abstract: Despite the failure of the United Nations (UN) to stop the 1994 Genocide, Rwanda has been actively participating in peacekeeping operations under the African Union (AU) and United Nations (UN) efforts in Sudan and troubled countries since August 2004. This study will mainly focus on three important variables through which Rwandan Defence Forces (RDF) largely originate its great success in peacekeeping missions. This study examines the role of UN peacekeeping mission in Rwandan conf...
Abstract: East African (EA) history now comprises, in part, of a 115-year history of formal integration, or East African Integration (EAI). EA is now seemingly poised to federate, into an East African Political Federation (EAPF). That hope is inspired by the said history. Among the concerned nations, an EAPF is a welcome prospect. It would be the culmination of a long progression, the EAI. EAI is, in sum, an implication of certain interactions among three kinds of polities, namely: colonial ...
Abstract: There are two kinds of injustice: the first is found in those who do an injury; the second in those who fail to protect another from injury when they can. (Cicero, De Offiis I, vii trans. Michael Winterbottom, 1994) Non-state actors are increasingly getting involved in the affairs of developing nation-states thus altering the nature of state sovereignty. This research attempts to investigate the evolving concept of state sovereignty in the context of the African Union’s intervent...
Abstract: Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania have engaged in various forms of integration since independence. This led to the inauguration of the East African Community in 2001. Today, the EAC has enlarged with Rwanda and Burundi as new members and a customs union established (East African Community-Customs Union) which has further led to the creation of a common market. This study aims at contextualizing the EAC and examining the trade effects of the customs union using a quantitative model of East...
Abstract: Chad has been known by reputation as a home of bloody civil wars. Widespread of complex political issues have obscured form of conflicts. However, one of these bloody conflicts within the country known as pastoral conflict is also one of the violent conflicts within the country that seems to be ignored or not addressed by the government. One of the basic factors in conflict between pastoralists and farmers and among pastoralists in Africa is the access to natural resources. This is...