Abstract: This research investigated the effects of Italy’s securitization policies on irregular migration from Africa. In Italy, migration has bred controversy due to the complexity of migrant sharing across European union states. Additionally, Italian politicians and the media have shaped the conversation around irregular migration from Africa, resulting in the public opinion that Italy is threatened by allowing thousands of refugees through its borders. The issue has become central to t...
Abstract: Many communities have been thrust into humanitarian crises as the number and complexity of conflicts have increased. Despite the supply of humanitarian aid, conditions worsen, and conflicts recur. As a result, the United Nations, and its partners, including NGOs, civil society, and local or national government actors, have been compelled to employ new approaches to offer long-term solutions - the triple nexus. It specifically refers to efforts in the humanitarian, development, and ...
Abstract: Kiswahili language as a tool for cultural diplomacy has been viewed an important strategic direction in the foreign policy discourse of Kenya. The Foreign Policy of Kenya and the Cultural Diplomacy Strategy provide the policy and the institutional framework’s implementation strategies. The study investigated whether Kenya has invested in Kiswahili, as its recognized national language, and how it has been used as a tool to enhance its foreign relations through cultural diplomacy. ...
Abstract: The use of child soldiers in West Africa has been a longstanding problem, particularly in countries affected by conflict and political instability. Children as young as 7 years old have been recruited into armed groups and used to carry out a range of activities, including combat, intelligence gathering, and forced labor. Sierra Leone is one of the West African states that faced a decade-long civil war. The use of child soldiers was a common problem in Sierra Leone's civil war, and...
Abstract: Incarceration was introduced in the human society both as a punishment mechanism for offenders and as a mechanism to protect the society. Overtime, societies became sensitized on the concern that extreme punishment measures such as executions that were being used could only be equated to ‘judicial murder’; therefore, informing the need for correctional justice reforms. Consequently, with modernization, the contemporary international community has formulated standards such as th...
Abstract: Ever since the collapse of the Siad Barre, Somalia has received many foreign- funded programmes in an attempt to stabilize the country. However, Somalia continues to face many security, political, and economic challenges. The main objective of this research is to examine the extent to which the programmes instituted by the World Bank have contributed to peaceful co-existence in Somalia. The Specific objectives include: Inquire into the role of development programmes by the World Ba...
Abstract: In response to the youth bulge in Africa and the concomitant rising unemployment and poverty levels in Africa, the government of Kenya, in line with the African Union Agenda 2063, has designed interventions to strategically position the country to harness the demographic dividend through youth entrepreneurship. The government of Kenya has designed youth programs to address the unemployment challenge and one of the flagship youth programs is the Youth Enterprise Development Fund (Ch...
Abstract: Social media has been used to advance political inquiry, interactions and broader public and international engagement. However, being a new technological advancement, there is little empirical evidence on its effectiveness as a stimulant to political participation. This study thus sought to empirically establish the relation between social media usage and youth participation in general elections in Kenya. The theoretical grounding for the study was informed by the cognitive engagem...
Abstract: The Republic of China has come to be a force to reckon with in the 21st century, and this has enabled it to establish political and economic relations with other regions of the world; especially on the African continent. This paper studies the aid provision by China to Africa; with a key focus on Malawi. Chinese relations with Malawi have had an impact in contributing to the development of the Malawian economy. The main focus area of the research was investments, aid, and trade act...
Abstract: This study is an assessment of photography as a tool of governance in post-colonial Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The study affirms that colonialists, specifically the Belgians in Congo, developed photography standards and interpretation guidelines as a tool to control the colonies and serve their interests. This enabled them to extend their domination through pictorial representation of the occupied territories. However, this never opened up opportunity for inclusivity of Af...
Abstract: According to IMDb the highest-ranking film about Kenya is the Constant Gardener (2005) with more than 130,000 votes, some total worldwide box-office gross earnings of $82.47M and a Metascore of 82 as compared to world's highest ranking The Shawshank Redemption (1994) with more than 2 million votes, a gross worldwide of $28.89M and a Metascore of 81. Furthermore, the Constant Gardener received more than 200 critics from external reviewers from around the world with insights into the...
Abstract: Climate change is manifested in changing weather patterns and temperature fluctuations over time. For example, Kajiado County of Kenya is experiencing an increased frequency and intensity of droughts, now occurring every 2-3 years. Therefore, the study investigated the influence of stakeholder participation approaches on climate change mitigation, focusing on mitigation initiatives implemented by the SNV and KCSAP in Kajiado County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to investigat...
Abstract: In today's over-sexualized society there has been a constant outcry in the country over risky sexual attitudes as demonstrated by risky sexual behaviors such as underage sex, rising teenage pregnancies, abortion related deaths and pregnancy related suicides. Past studies have related risky sexual attitudes to individual attachment styles. Further, there have been suggestions that security priming intervention can change individual attachment styles. The purpose of this study was to...
Abstract: This research draws on the Evaluation of Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) in Sustainable Peace in Burundi as from 2009-2021. The research used research design and a qualitative methodology. It assessed how DDR has been used as a tool to bring sustainable peace in Burundi after the conflict through field interviews in Cibitoke province these interviews were conducted to the members of the community, elders and ex combatants too were interviewed as well as ex-comb...
Abstract: This study purposed to determine the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and the age of first pregnancy. Teenage mothers in one of the informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. The objectives of the study were to establish the ACEs experienced by teenage mothers; the age at first pregnancy for teen mothers; challenges that teenage mothers go through; and to evaluate the relationship between ACES and age at first pregnancy among teenage mothers in the informal se...