Abstract: In a fast globalizing world, trade free policies seem to be a common trait in bilateral agreements. Theses bilateral trade agreements are informed by the WTO regulations on free trade and are subject to renewal and renegotiation once their term limit has expired. The WTO has over the years been successful in abolishing trade barriers that cause trade among countries to be expensive. International trade functions on the basis of comparative advantage whereby a country specializes in...
Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the UN peacekeeping missions, with a case study of the DRC Congo. The objectives of the study included examining the effectiveness of the mission in adhering to its mandate, the protection of civilians, influence of the peacekeepers in fostering peace agreements amongst the conflicting parties, and the mission’s effectiveness in protecting natural resources and rebuilding the country. The study engaged a secondary research that exa...
Abstract: One of the most distressing phenomena in the Post-Cold War era is the substantial growth of people displaced within their homelands, otherwise known as Internally Displaced Persons / People (IDPs). The increase in the number of IDPs shows that many conflicts occurred even after the two greatest rivals, the United States of America (USA) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) stopped their confrontation in the end of the 1990’s. While the landscape presents both challe...
Abstract: In the wake of global developments towards the penultimate decade of the twentieth century, the post-colonial itch to be competitive became vital as engagement for African states at the international stage changed. The political economic models employed needed to be reviewed. Air transport, a key driver of many economies had to be realigned with the global changes. African states sought ways in which air transport could be modelled to increase intra-African connectivity through con...
Abstract: The main aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the water politics among the riparian states of the River Nile. The study was guided by specific objectives that included an assessment of various historical agreements in the Nile Basin, examination of the nature of diplomatic engagements among the riparian states and the impact of the Nile Basin initiative on the riparian states. Realism theory has been used to show how the Nile riparian states compete for power and tak...
Abstract: This research explores the case study of one prominent insurgent group in the Middle East: the Houthi movement. There is limited research available on the strategies insurgent groups employ and factors that influence these non-state actors to attain their goals. The research examines three key areas of the Houthi movement: the factors, the actors and the strategies that enabled it to achieve its objectives. Yemen has struggled with various other insurgent groups in recent history. ...
Abstract: Terrorism has increasingly become a global problem that affects all states in the international system in which Kenya is not an exception. Being a global problem, states have been thrown into disarray on how to address it yet one such way is exploiting tools of a state’s foreign policy to achieve global cooperation in the fight against Terrorism. This study therefore sought to provide a contextual analysis of terrorism and its dimensions, perspectives, factors that influence it a...
Abstract: On 7th July 2000, the East African Community Treaty entered into force. Inherent in the Treaty was a call for the contracting member states to establish among themselves certain frameworks that were deemed necessary pre-requisites to boosting the much-desired intra-regional trade. Among these necessary pre-requisites was the Common Market Protocol (CMP), which came into force on 1st July 2010. Almost a decade since its establishment, there is lack of targeted literature comparing t...
Abstract: Africa has had the largest number of civil war occurrences since independence (Aiyede, 2010). In addition, the conflict situation has not changed significantly over the past few decades (Aiyede, 2010). This research examined the reason why armed conflicts have continued to occur in Africa by investing civil wars from a new perspective: education. The aim of this study is not to depoliticize conflict, but to investigate the primary determinant for civil wars. Therefore, the impact d...
Abstract: This study brought out the analysis of dependency level brought about by EAC economic integration among its member states; Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and Rwanda. A comparative analysis of the failures and achievement of the old and new EAC was focused on to bring out the level of reduction in over reliance to the foreign aid into the region. This analysis was based on the level of reduction of trade barriers, and elimination of some of these restrictions. Therefore, elements...
Abstract: Extra-judicial killings have been of concern in Kenya, especially as the perpetrators are state agents, the National Police Service. Kenya is a signatory to key international human rights instruments and is therefore bound to respect and uphold the foundation documents of international human rights law. The study assessed the key international human rights instruments and the application on extra-judicial killings by the National Police Service in Kenya. The study objectives sought...
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the contributions of the East Africa Community Common Market Protocol to Tanzania’s economic growth. The study was guided bythree objectives, namely; toevaluate contributions of intra-EAC trade liberalization to Tanzania’s economy,to find out the contribution of the movement of labor and persons to Tanzania’s economy, andto examine the contribution of the movement of capital to the economic growth of Tanzania.A descriptive research desi...
Abstract: Community defines networks of people who connect to each other in different perspectives. As a result of interdependence which is the natural connection between two or more groups, the community is always in the process of peace building. This is done through improved relationships, and clear definitions and respect for others social spaces which creates room for reconciliation and conflict transformation. Community – based approach strategy has become among the most common and a...
Abstract: This work set out to analyze the nature and impact of Chinese aid on Nigeria-China relations. It was also carried out to explore the extent which Chinese aid influences foreign policy and trade relations between Nigeria and China. The study sample is Nigeria as they are high recipients of Chinese aid and soft loans in Sub-Sahara Africa. Data was collected from secondary sources such as journal articles, book chapters, memos and government official reports. Descriptive statistics wa...
Abstract: This paper examines the alternative development approach that has been established as people centred, participatory and endogenous, with cultural identity playing an important role. The Rotating Savings and Credit Associations have grown and developed over time and across the developing world as an alternative platform for credit and savings for a majority of marginalised people. This paper explores the family centred Rotating Savings and Credit Associations in Kenya as one example...