We describe a survey of 300 young female apprentice tailors in a periurban community in Ibadan, Nigeria. The objectives were to assess HIV risk-related behavior in order to plan appropriate prevention interventions. Most apprentice tailors were 18-21 years old (68%), single (95%), and had not completed secondary school (98%). History of sexual intercourse was reported by 53 %; 42 % had ever experienced unwanted touching of the breast, backside, shoulder, or waist; 4% reported being raped in t...
SUMMARY The rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV as well as the implications of the circulating multiple subtypes to MTCT in Nigeria are not known. This study was therefore undertaken to determine the differential rates of MTCT of HIV-1 subtypes detected among infected pregnant women before ARV intervention therapy became available in Nigeria. Twenty of the HIV-positive women who signed the informed consent form during pregnancy brought their babies for followup testing at age 1...
AB5TRACT In the search for the etiology of carcinoma of the cervix uteri, various factors have been implicated by various workers, The disease has been shown to have a venereal origin, following on its significant association with coital characteristics. These include early Initiation into hetero-sexual acts and frequency o f coitu3, multiplicity of coital Partners, multiparty, low socio-economic Standards, venereal diseases and circumcision. Extensive epidemiologic studies have indicated tha...
ABSTRACT The main objective of this study was to compare the hypoglycemic activity of ethylacetate soluble portion of aqueous acetone extract of the root bark (EtOAcfr TARB) and stem (EtOAcfr TASB) back of Treculia africana Decne in diabetic rats and also to characterize the ultraviolent and infrared spectra of an isolated constituent. Oral administration of the EtOAcfr TARB reduced fasting blood glucose level by 28.6% in 144hrs and 15.9% at 240 hrs in alloxan (100 mg/kg) induced rat of five ...
ABSTRACT This study sought to investigate the sanitation promotion strategies in the Kaneshie Market Complex. It looked at actual activities, access to water and sanitation hardware and participation of stakeholders in promoting sanitation. The qualitative study design was used for the study. A total of fifty people made up of ten officials, twenty tenants and twenty customers were purposively selected to respond to a number of questions on sanitation in the market. Interview guides were ther...
ABSTRACT Background: The availability of skilled care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period ensures the best chances of delivering a healthy infant with no complication to the mother. Huge disparities in health exist between urban and rural dwellers but recent research has shown that the urban poor sometimes have worse maternal health outcomes than rural dwellers. Community-based interventions have been shown to foster interactions between pregnant women and health care prov...
ABSTRACT Background Stroke is one of the major determinants of mortality and a significant contributor to the global disease burden. It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries imposing enormous economic burden on individuals and society. Available data indicate that stroke is an emerging problem in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most stroke survivors usually experience limitation in physical functioning and require physiotherapy and rehabilitative services i...
ABSTRACT Essential medicines are selected to meet the priority health needs of majority of the population. The World Health Organization has set a benchmark of 80% availability of these essential medicines in health facilities. However, over 50% of the population in Low and Middle Income Countries still lack access with only about 30% of the medicines being available to them in both public and private health facilities. In Ghana, availability is still low with only about 17% of essential medi...
ABSTRACT Active management of third stage of labour is one of the important strategies for reducing postpartum haemorrhage which is the leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. In Nigeria, the maternal mortality ratio is as high as 1,500 per 100,000 live births making 10% of the world’s maternal death annually and ranks second globally in the number of maternal death. The aim of this study was to assess midwives on active management of third stage of labour in Osogbo, N...
ABSTRACT Climate change has the potential to increase food insecurity and exacerbate malnutrition in small scale farming households through its impacts on crop yield and income. Using a mixedmethods design, a cross-sectional study was carried out in the Bibiani-Anhwiaso Bekwai District in the Western Region of Ghana among 210 farming households with children less than 5 years old with the objective of examining associations between perceived climate change and food and nutrition security. A s...
ABSTRACT Pain associated with sickle cell disease can be very severe with debilitating effect on the sufferer. This study sought to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of individuals who suffer sickle cell pain. The study employed qualitative methodology using exploratory descriptive design to achieve the purpose of the study. Participants were purposively recruited from the Accra Metropolis. Data saturation was achieved with fifteen (15) participants. One-on-one interviews were...
ABSTRACT This study explored the implementation challenges of decentralization at Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital and Sampa Government Hospital. Data were collected using qualitative research approach using interviews guide. Key informants who had in-depth knowledge and play role(s) in the implementation of decentralization at the district level were purposively selected. In all, 22 key informants were interviewed from the two districts (11 in each district).In addition, extensive analysis of ke...
ABSTRACT There is a crucial need to develop novel anthelminthic drugs due to the mounting disease burden and increasing evidence of hookworm resistance to drugs such as albendazole and mebendazole, which for decades have been used to treat the infection. Consequently, it is exigent to develop alternative drugs with improved therapeutic efficacy. Natural products due to their unique active ingredients have been shown to possess exceptional structures with chemical diversity that is unmatched b...
ABSTRACT An appraisal of intersectoral collaboration on PHC in the Asante-Akim North District in October 1995 revealed that though PHC is high amongst the developmental priorities of the Assembly, there is hardly any effort to coordinate the activities of the various sectors engaged in the promotion of PHC. Despite much common ground for collaboration, horizontal linkages amongst the decentralised departments engaged in PAC. activities remain weak or nonexistent An analytical framework adapte...
ABSTRACT Birth preparedness (BP) is a major factor to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. The main purpose of the study was to determine factors that influence birth preparedness among pregnant women. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used with a sample size of 395 pregnant women in their third trimester recruited for the study at the Offinso South Municipal. A multistage sampling strategy was used for the study. First, the computed sample size was divided equally among the five ...