Medical & Health Sciences

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Medical & Health Sciences Research Papers/Topics

Pattern of Ophthalmic Consult from the Ear, Nose and Throat Ward of a Tertiary Hospital

SUMMARY Objective: To study the pattern and indications for ophthalmic referral of patients with otorhinolaryngology problems. Method: A retrospective study of patients who were admitted into the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) ward of the University College Hospital, lbadan and had ophthalmic referral between July 2000 and June 2004. The parameters evaluated were the demography of the patient, indication for ophthalmic consult, and the contribution of the ophthalmologist towards the management ...

Occult HBV infection among a cohort of Nigerian adults

Abstract Objective: To determine markers of HBV infection and detect the presence of its occult infection in serum of a cohort of adult Nigerians.  Methodology:  The study involved 28 adult Nigerians with viral hepatitis (Group 1) and 28 apparently healthy adult Nigerians as controls (Group 2). Their sera were assayed for HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and anti-HCV, while HBV DNA was determined in 15 patients with chronic hepatitis. Significance of differences between the patie...

Service Uptake in UCH, Ibadan: A Time Flow Study

SUMMARY Objective: To determine the time flow of service uptake JS assessed by patients in the eye clinic of UCll with the view of identifying delays in service uptake, the reasons [or such delays and ways lo improve services. Materials and methods: Fa ticals at lending the eye clinic of ihe University College II ospita I(VCr f) were selected (( scculively and interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire on the amount of time ihcy spent w(liting for the various services uIhc eye clinic a...

Accidental Ingestion of a Drawing Pin: A Case of an Unusual Foreign Body in the Oesophagus

INTRODUCTION  Foreign body impaction in the oesophagus is a quite common occurrence but 90% of such foreign bodies pass through the digestive tract to be eliminated in stools. The incidence of complications following ingestion of foreign bodies is surprisingly low. It was 10% in a study of 2400 cases by Nanchi and Ong. Presented below is a case of a young boy who accidentally swallowed a drawing pin and in whom plain radiographs confirmed the presence and location of the foreign body. Endosc...

Eye Diseases Among Drivers In The University College Hospital and College of Medicine, University of lbadan, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Objective of this study is to determine the pattern of eye diseases amongst drivers of College of Medicine, University of Ibadan (UI) and the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan. Cross sectional study of (99) drivers employed by the two institutions using a semi structured questionnaire and through eye examination at the eye clinic of UCH. Our results show that age range of respondents was from 39-60 years, mean 50.1 +/- 4.78 years. Driving experience ranged from 5 to 43 years, ...

Bacterial Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern From Urine Of Asymptomatic Hiv Positive Pregnant Women

Abstract Introduction: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in pregnancy.with 'adverse pregnancy outcome , hasjbderi well documented with Escherichia coli and other gram-negative rods being the common organisms associated. However, most of these studies were done in patients without additional immunosuppressant except for pregnancy. However; the additional risk of HiV infection in pregnant woman necessitates. the evaluation of the microbial isolates and antibiotic sensitivity pattern froififthe ur...

Perceptions of sexual coercion: learning from young people in Ibadan, Nigeria

ABSTRACT This study explored the problem of sexual coercion from the perspectives of 77 young people aged 14- 2 7 in Ibodan, Nigeria, the behaviours they perceive to be sexually coercive and the con texts in which these occur through four narrative workshops. Participants were drawn from two secondary schools and 15 apprentice workshops. All four groups identified similar coercive behaviours and developed narratives of the events that typically lead up to them. Behaviours included rape, unwan...

Formulation and In vitro Evaluation of Natural Gum-Based Microbeads for Delivery of Ibuprofen

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate the effectiveness of three natural gums, namely albizia, cissus and khaya gums, as excipients for the formulation of ibuprofen microbeads.  METHODS: Ibuprofen microbeads were prepared by the ionotropic gelation method using the natural gums and their blends with sodium alginate at various concentrations using different chelating agents (calcium chloride, zinc chloride, calcium acetate and zinc acetate) at different concentrations. Microbeads were assessed ...

Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection in Pregnancy at the University College Hospital, Ibadan

Summary Human Immuno deficiency virus(HIV) and Hepatitis B Virus share common modes of transmission which include blood borne and the vertical routes. Although, the natural course of does not appear altered by HBV, the rate of liver-related deaths is several times higher among HIV/HBV positive individuals, including pregnant women, need to be aware of this problem. This is a 2-year cross-sectional study that commenced in January 2006, among HIV positive pregnant women were screened for hepati...

Visual Recovery After Cataract Surgery In Children

SUMMARY Objective: To evaluate the visual outcome of cataract surgery in children aged 16 years and below at the . University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan. Methods: A retrospective review of the case records of patients aged 0-16years who had cataract surgery at the UCH Ibadan between January 1995 and June 2006. Results: One hundred and fifty-one eyes of 101 patients were studied. Eighty-four eyes (55.6%) had congenital cataracts, 25.2% were developmental, while 13.9% were secondary to tra...

Patterns of Mother-Daughter Communication for Reproductive Health Knowledge Transfer in Southern Nigeria

ABSTRACT Many reproductive health studies have examined trends and outcomes of adolescent sexual behaviour but have overlooked the patterns of reproductive communication between mothers and daughters that have implications on girls’ reproductive wellbeing. Although there is a need to safeguard adolescent health, not enough work exists at the interface between female reproductive change and communication. The patterns of communication determine the effectiveness of reproductive knowledge tr...

The Relationship between Ventricular Size and Visual Function in Children with Hydrocephalus

Summary  We examined the relationship between ventricular size and visual function in 50 children (36 males and 14 females) with hydrocephalus. The third and lateral ventricular sizes and the visual function scores did not significantly differ between the sexes. Ventricular enlargement was most pronounced at the trigones and least at the level of the forarninae of Monro. The visual function score correlated inversely with the size of the latera! ventricle measured at the levels of the anteri...

The age of opportunity: prevalence of key risk factors among adolescents 10–19 years of age in nine communities in sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract  Objective: To measure health-related behaviours and risk factors among sub-Saharan African adolescents. methods Cross-sectional study in nine communities in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Eswatini, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda between 2015 and 2017. Community-representative samples of males and females 10–19 years of age were selected. All communities used a uniform questionnaire that was adapted from the WHO Global School-based Student Health Survey. Weighted prevalence estimate...

Acute Chest Syndrome In Sickle Cell Disease Patients: Experience From A Resource Constrained Setting

Abstract BACKGROUND: Sickle cell anemia is the most common inheritable hemoglobin disorder in the world with very high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality in Sub‑Saharan Africa. Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is one of the most common causes of mortality among individuals with the condition. The management of this condition involves watchful waiting which may be deleterious in resource‑constrained settings. The use of exchange blood transfusion (EBT) has been reported to be beneficial. The ...

Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Mobile Phone Use To Promote Meternal And Child Health Among Women In Mushin Lagos State

ABSTRACT Mobile phone technology has been demonstrated to promote maternal and child health. However, its benefits are yet to be fully explored in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes towards the use of mobile phones to promote maternal and child health among, women of reproductive age group (15 - 49 years) in Mushin, Lagos, Nigeria. In this descriptive cross-sectional survey, data was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire from 400 re...


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