ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) defines adolescents as individuals in the 10-19 years age group. Every year estimated 21million girls aged 15-19 years, and 2.5 million girls under 15 years become pregnant and approximately 3.9 million girls aged 15-19 years undergo unsafe abortion every year. Despite the high sexual activity by the Malawian adolescents which is rated at 51 percent, there is low utilization of modern contraception. Failure to utilize the modern contraceptio...
Across the entire globe, 75% of people are aware of their HIV Status, at the same time 79% of the people living with HIV are now accessing anti-retroviral therapy while 81% of those people are at the same time accessing the treatment and have suppressed viral loads. Nakuru County viral suppression stands at 88.3 % (30,407) below the UNAIDS target and National target (2020). The purpose of the study was to determine the correlates of Viral Suppression in Naivasha Sub-County Hospital, Naku...
ABSTRACT There is an increasing need for food security assessment in the wake of today’s challenge of climate change and variability. This study aimed at assessing the impacts climate change and variability on food security in West Pokot County for the period 1980-2012. Objectives of the study were to: characterize rainfall and temperature data for the specified years, evaluate spatial variability in relation to climate change and variability in the county using remote sensing and Geograph...
ABSTRACT The existence of slums has posed a huge problem for achievement of sustainable urban development in most ACP countries. Slum upgrading and redevelopment measures have been adopted worldwide as key components of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) under goal number seven which emphasizes the need to tackle the problems posed by slums. In the Kenyan context, slum upgrading and redevelopment as intervention measures are critical to the attainment of both Vision 2030 and Millennium ...
ABSTRACT The recent irregular trends in weather patterns have brought about challenges and opportunities in key sectors of the economy especially in developing countries. Agriculture and tourism are just but examples of these sectors that have been widely impacted by climate variability. Countries as Kenya where agriculture and tourism are the leading earners of the economy has seen a downhill scale in the recent years and climate variability is one of the factors that can held responsible. ...
ABSTRACT Public open spaces form an important part of urban life, giving services to people and protect urban environment. In effective regulations and standards for establishment, setting, management and maintenance of public open spaces have always been a stumbling block in ensuring their sustainability, hence the existence of poorly performing, unplanned, and poorly distributed public open spaces. This study sought to establish why the public open spaces in Machakos municipality, Machakos...
ABSTRACT Sanitation has been a thorny issue especially in many informal settlements all over the world with the third world countries being highly affected. Therefore people living in these affected areas are exposed to these deplorable conditions. Kenya is not spared either and therefore our informal settlements are suffering from myriad of sanitation related problems that are causing slum residents to be unprotected from all manner of exposures. Since there are a lot of underlying factors ...
ABSTRACT Sanitation is a basic necessity that contributes to better human health, dignity and quality of life. The economic and social benefits of sanitation interventions create more time for productive pursuits, higher productivity, better performance at school and work, lower medical costs.Despite Nyeri County ranked by the Ministry of Health as number one county in terms of sanitation coverage, it has 25.4% unimproved sanitation and 0.3 % open defecation. This study was designed to ident...
ABSTRACT Cause of diarrhea is known to have many risk factors. They include unsafe water, lack of water leading to low personal and domestic hygiene, poor water infrastructural and management systems. Contamination of drinking water is known to be a problem in many developing countries. This is even of more concern in high residential low income areas. Nairobi City is not an exception hence this study was conducted in Kasarani to assess diarrhea disease attributed to water, sanitation and hy...
ABSTRACT Most of our activities as human beings generate solid waste. As much as the solid waste that is generated may not be harmful in its current state, the methods through which this waste is handled, stored, collected and disposed can pose risks to the local populace as well as the community. The situation is aggravated by the fact that solid waste has no owner, and therefore the provision of quality solid waste management services is left for those who can afford it. The objectives of ...
ABSTRACT The problem of sexual exploitation of children has become a major global concern. In the recent past, cases of sexual abuse among children have increased in Kenya. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, knowledge, forms, effects and remedial measures of child sexual abuse among primary school pupils in Nakuru Municipality. A cross-sectional research design, involving a multistage cluster sampling technique, was used to get 259 pupils from six primary schools in Nakur...
ABSTRACT Stillbirth is a baby born without any signs of life weighing at least 1000grams or with at least 28 weeks gestation. There is no burden affecting families is big and yet invisible in society and global arena as stillbirth. Stillbirth is a traumatizing experience for most women and a risk factor to development of psychological morbidity. The kind of care women receive during this critical period influences exhibition of psychological morbidity such as depression, anxiety and post tra...
ABSTRACT Pre-conception nutrition is a key determinant of the pregnancy outcome and the health of a newborn. Since women are likely to conceive at some point in their lives, there is need to attain appropriate nutrition status in order to prepare them to meet the future needs of pregnancy for both the mother and the unborn child. Several factors including demographic and economic characteristics, nutrition knowledge and attitude are known to influence dietary practices. Several researches ha...
Introduction:Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease that has afflicted man for centuries. It is one of the commonest causes of death from infectious diseases in the world. Nigeria is ranked among the 22 countries with the highest TB burden in the world. The discovery of host or pathogen specific biomarkers of TB for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis has of recent become top research priority globally. The pathogenesis of TB involves cell-mediated immune response against Mycobacterium t...
ABSTRACT The study was carried out to detect Mycobacterium bovis in cattle milk and abattoir staff in Enugu. Blood samples were collected from 50 subjects at Artisan and Ogbete market abattoirs with 25 samples from each location. Fifty Milk samples were collected from cattle at Fulani settlements which comprised of 13 from Gariki, 16 from 9th Mile and 21 from Monarch in Enugu. Milk samples were cultured on Lowenstein Jensen medium and incubated for 8weeks at 37o C. DNA was extracted from bot...