Medical & Health Sciences

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Medical & Health Sciences Research Papers/Topics

Subtype-Specific Patterns in HIV Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase and Protease in Oyo State, Nigeria: Implications for Drug Resistance and Host Response

ABSTRACT As the use of antiretroviral therapy becomes more widespread across Africa, it is imperative to characterise baseline molecular variability and sub-type specific peculiarities of drug targets in non subtype B HIV-1 infection.

Reliability of testing and potential impact of HIV prevention in Nigeria

ABSTRACT Several factors including variability of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Laboratory facilities, cost and competence of personnel handling the test are some of the important factors that affect accuracy and reliability of HIV testing in most part of Africa.

Prevalence of HIV-1 Subtypes in Infected Concordant and Discordant Couples in Nigeria

ABSTRACT The peptide binding immunoassay [PELISA) was used as previously described to determine HIV-1 subtypes among 60 married HIV-1 seropositive individuals and their spouses identified at the University College Hospital, lbadan in order to investigate the rate of heterosexual partners by different HIV-1 subtypes in Nigeria. 

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C seropositivity in a Nigerian cohort of HIV-infected patients

ABSTRACT The clinical and public health implications of the convergence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic and chronic viral hepatitis in Sub-Saharan Africa are poorly understood.

Post-Junctional Alpha Adrenoceftors in the Anococcygeus Muscle and VAS Deferens: A Comparative Study in Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

ABSTRACT The characteristics of the post-junctional -aarenoceptors in the isolated anococcygeus muscle and vas deferens were compared in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive rats (NCR). Responses to CK —adrenoceptor agonists were obtained in the absence and presence of cocaine and of antagonists, Noradrenaline I (NA) and phenylephrine (PE) produced concentration related contrac— tions of the preparations which were antagonised by phentolamine5 prazosin and yohimbine in b...

NIGERIAN BUTCHERS AND HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION

ABSTRACT Various target groups have been identified in Nigeria for studying the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection;

FACTORS INFLUENCING OPEN DEFECATION AMONG SLUM DWELLERS IN ASHAIMAN MUNICIPALITY

ABSTRACT Background Open Defecation remains a very big health and environmental hazard in many developing countries in Africa. About 2.4 billion people globally still lack access to improved sanitation and about 946 million practice open defecation, meanwhile in Ghana 27% of the Ghanaians engage in open defecation due to lack of latrines and many share sanitation facilities leading to prevalence of diseases related to sanitation such as diarrhea, literature reflects gaps in. This study theref...

MATERNAL EMPLOYMENT, CHILDCARE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN 0-2 YEARS OF AGE IN THE KASSENA-NANKANA DISTRICTS IN THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA

ABSTRACT Background: Child undernutrition and poor childcare still remain a great concern in Ghana. Maternal employment has increased rapidly due to the demand of increased household income thus giving mothers a double burden of responsibility as income earners and primary child caregivers. These multifaceted roles by mothers could adversely affect the nutritional status and the overall health status of the child. Objective: To assess the relationship between maternal employment, child care a...

ASSESSMENT OF WORK RELATED HYPERTENSION AMONG BANK WORKERS IN ACCRA

ABSTRACT Hypertension is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases and premature mortality in the world. It is also a leading cause of death and disability causing 13.5% of the world’s premature death and 6% disability. Hypertension is commonly seen amongst sedentary workers like bank employees. In Ghana, it is common knowledge that most people are not even aware of their blood pressure, hence their inability to monitor and control it. The purpose of this study was to assess work...

ADOLESCENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF YOUTH FRIENDLY CENTERS IN THE ADENTAN MUNICIPAL HEALTH DIRECTORATE

ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence has been described as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood and falls within the ages of 10 to 19 years. It is a critical stage of life characterized by rapid biological, emotional and social development. Youth friendly centers were created to offer adolescent/youth friendly services globally. These centers are to be accessible, acceptable, equitable and effective to ensure full patronage by adolescents. This study was to determine adolescent...

CONTRACEPTIVE DISCONTINUATION AND SWITCHING AMONG WOMEN IN THE SHAI-OSUDOKU AND NINGO PRAMPRAM DISTRICTS, GHANA

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The intended and continued use of contraceptives is critical for attaining individual reproductive health goals and the prevention of unintended births that may be subject to induced abortions. Women who eventually overcome barriers and adopt a contraceptive method, encounter challenges that result in discontinuation, switching, or method failure. The occurrence of discontinuation for reasons other than the desire to conceive or switching to less effective methods, plac...

INDIGENOUS NEWBORN CARE PRACTICES AMONG PRIMIPAROUS MOTHERS IN THE EAST MAMPRUSI DISTRICT, GHANA.

ABSTRACT Most often, newborns are considered to be a source of joy to the family especially their mothers. However, the survival of these babies depends on the kind of care they receive. Therefore, mothers try as much as possible to provide the best of care for their babies and the cultural beliefs and practices of the mothers play a vital role in shaping child care attitudes. The Theory of Planned Behaviour guided this study to explore indigenous newborn care (INC) practices among primiparou...

POSTOPERATIVE PAIN EXPERIENCE OF MEN AFTER UROLOGICAL SURGERY AT THE KORLE BU TEACHING HOSPITAL

ABSTRACT Post-operative pain (POP) is a global phenomenon of concern, associated with Genito-urinary surgeries and has multidimensional effect. The study aimed at exploring the POP experiences of men after urological surgery at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. The qualitative exploratory-descriptive design was used with twelve (12) participants purposively sampled. One-on-one interviews were conducted with a semi-structured interview guide and audiotaped. The interviews were transcribed verbatim a...

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE TIMING OF MATERNAL MORTALITY AT THE GREATER ACCRA REGIONAL HOSPITAL, 2014-2018

ABSTRACT Background: Ghana grapples with high maternal mortality ratios in spite of interventions to accelerate the reduction of maternal mortality. A substantial number of studies have been done to determine the causes of maternal mortality at the national and institutional levels. In Ghana, fewer studies have addressed the factors associated with maternal deaths. Aim: The aim of the present study was to ascertain the demographic factors and obstetric factors associated with the timing of ma...

LOCAL PERCEPTIONS OF BURULI ULCER IN THE GA DISTRICT, GREATER ACCRA REGION

ABSTRACT The Buruli ulcer disease is assuming public health importance in many countries apart from Ghana, prompting the establishment of a Global Buruli Ulcer Initiative by the World Health Organization (WHO) in early 1998. The disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans infection has been reported throughout the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. In Africa, several countries particularly in western, eastern and central parts of the continent have reported cases of the disease. One...


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