Abstract Background: Previous reports showed lack of consensus on the possible etiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) between HIV-treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and HIV-infection in particular. The aim of this study was to find out correlations of HIV-treatment and HIV-infection with CAD risk. Method: One hundred and twenty (120) participants involving HIV-patients on treatment (n = 40), treatment-naïve (n =40) and equal number of age- and sex-matched contro...
Abstract: Atherogenic cardiovascular risk assessment is important in the management of dyslipidaemia associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Generally, Castelli‟s Risk Index (CRI), Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and Atherogenic coefficient (AC) are becoming useful indices as risk predictors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We studied the importance of these indices in identifying at-risk HIV individuals receiving treatment. Eighty (80) HIV-patients comprising treatment (n=40) and ...
Background: A large number of herbal medicines are widely in-use to offer relief from hepatic injury, although attempts are still ongoing globally to get scientific proofs for these orthodox remedies, there is still paucity of data on Russelia equisetiformes. There are solitary reports of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antinociceptive properties. Meanwhile, inflammation is a hallmark of hepatic injury. Further study may pave way for next generation hepatoprotective medication. Methods: The...
This study investigated the prevalence of Canine Distemper (CD) Antigen indogs in three major clinics in Northern part of Plateau State. A total of 150 bloodsamples were and sera were used to test for CD Antigen using Rapid CDV Ag Test Kitwhich is a chromatographic immunoassay for qualitative detection of Canine DistemperVirus (CDV) antigen. Associations between factors were analyzed using Chi square at95% confidence interval. A prevalence of 45.33% was recorded. There was significantdifferen...
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE OCCURRENCE OF MEDICAL ERROR AMONG RESIDENT DOCTORS AT THE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE HOSPITAL, IBADAN. Introduction: Medical errors represent a serious public health problem and pose a threat to patient safety. Some factors influence the daily practice on medicine service to patients. In Nigeria, medical error is an imperative cause of patient mortality and morbidity and it has to be addresses by creating a culture of safety in medical practice. Aim: To determine the factor th...
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that represents a major public health problem (Effi, Aman, Koui, & Koffi, 2016), it is the most common of all cancers and is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide, a condition that may be predicated upon by lack of knowledge about fundamental regimen necessary for cancer prevention, early detection and unavailability of necessary health requirement (Onwunaka & Umoke, 2015). Immunohistochemistry is now a standard methodology in patho...
Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease with regard to molecular alterations and clinical course (Benedettini & Loda 2008).The disparities in the black man calls for concerted research efforts. This term paper explores the trend and occurrence of prostate cancer and prostate cancer research activities in the most populous black nation on earth; it seeks to locate the place of the Nigeria and Nigerian research environment in the global progress on prostate cancer disparities. Literature w...
Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative brain disease and the most common cause of dementia. Dementia is also caused by other diseases and conditions. It is characterized by a decline in memory, language, problem-solving and other cognitive skills that affects a person’s ability to perform everyday activities. This decline occurs because nerve cells (neurons) in parts of the brain involved in cognitive function have been damaged and no longer function normally. In Alzheimer’s disease, n...
Abstract Ceiba pentandra is a tropical tree of order Malvales and the family Malvaceae. The basic objective of this research work is to determine the antimicrobial and phytochemical properties of Ceiba pentandra. Fresh leaves and bark of Ceiba petandra was collected at Akungba Akoko. Ceiba pentandra (leaf and bark) were prepared for extraction using ethyl acetate. The test organisms used for this research work are: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, Kleibsiella pneumonia a...
The global mobile industry continues to experience phenomenal growth, with mobile subscribers inching closer to 7 billion at the end of 2014 according to ITU (International Telecommunications Union), and its penetration varying across geographical spread (ITU, 2015). This literally translates to more than 90% of the world‟s population now with a mobile subscription, an increase of 30 percent within 5 years. It is estimated that an additional one billion subscribers will be added by 2020, th...
Safety communication is a very critical component of safety management. It involves the conveying of safety messages to selected target audiences with the aim of informing them about associated risks to their job functions. To effectively address the challenge of properly informing employees within the workplace, employers have adopted various forms of techniques including but not limited to; safety inductions, formal training, signage, posters, face-to-face communication and emails, and othe...
Chapter One 1.1 Background Information to Study Topic 1.2 Problem Statement 1.3 Study Justification 1.4 Study Objectives 1.5 Research Questions Chapter Two: Literature Review 2.1 Causes irrational use of antibiotic drugs 2.2 Impact of rational of antibiotics 2.3 Measures to improve rational use of antibiotics Chapter Three 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Study Area 3.3 Background to Study Area 3.4 Study Population 3.5 Study Design 3.6 Sampling Procedure 3.7 Sample size determination 3.8 Sample size ...
The composition and distribution of flora species in wetlands are dependent upon several environmental variables and one of such is seasonality regimes. Seasonal gradients exert profound influence on seedling establishment, regeneration and reproduction of plant species. To this end, rural and urban wetlands were studied to assess the influence of seasonality gradients on phytodiversity richness. A ten 5m×5m quadrat was used to sample the vegetation for density of species with spacing at r...
Assessment of macrophyte abundance and water quality of three impacted inlet streams along Ikpa River Basin were investigated. A 5m x 5m quadrat through systematic sampling was used to sample the vegetation for density and frequency of species. Sediment and water samples were collected and analyzed using standard methods. From the results obtained, a total of 23 macrophyte species from 17 families were encountered. Stream 1 (Ntak Inyang 1) had 7 species, stream 2 (Ntak Inyang 2) had 13 specie...
Nutrient and waste inputs into wetlands have dire consequences on both soil and water quality and by extension dependent aquatic flora and fauna. Within this purview, heavy metal contamination was assessed in a rural and urban wetland in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Soil samples were analyzed for Pb, Zn, Fe, Ni and Cd using AAS. Results show marked variations of heavy metal concentrations within study area. Mean values of Fe (713.22 ± 59.39), Pb (5.95 ± 0.42), Zn (88.54 ± 8.03) and Cd (1.53 �...