Medical & Health Sciences

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Research Papers/Topics in Medical & Health Sciences

Acute Febrile Illness: The Role of Respiratory Syncytial Virus And Malaria in An Urban Pediatric Population in Ghana

ABSTRACT  Introduction: Fever describes an increase in internal body temperature to levels that are above normal (commonly oral/axillary measurement of normal human body temperature is 36.8±0.7 °C or 98.2±1.3 °F) and is the most common response of the body to any insult to the body. The most common cause of fever in our setting is malaria and therefore children get treated for malaria once they have a fever whether the cause is proven (by laboratory confirmation) to be malaria or not. Ot...

Factors Associated With Care Continuum of HIV/Aids Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy at The International Health Care Center(IHCC), GHANA

ABSTRACT Background: The advancement through the HIV Care Cascade, from HIV testing to permanent retention in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Care and treatment programs, is vital to the success of HIV treatment and prevention efforts. However, persons are lost to follow up at each stage of the Continuum and little is known about the factors contributing to attrition at these stages in Ghana. This study determined factors associated with the Care Continuum of HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiret...

Psychosocial Precipitants And Rate of Relapse of Substance Abusers: A Case Study of Sunyani Metropolis

ABSTRACT  This study aimed to explore the psychosocial precipitants and rate of relapse among substance abusers in the Sunyani Metropolis, Ghana. A total of 30 respondents comprising 15 relapsed (with their primary caregivers), 10 non-relapsed, 3 psychiatric nurses, 1 psychiatrist and 1 psychotherapist was recruited for the study. The study employed a qualitative research design. Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis. The rate of relapse was computed quantitatively using relapsed respon...

Health Beliefs About Cervical Cancer And Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women at Shai Osudoku District

ABSTRACT Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women in Ghana and the world at large. Cervical cancer screening has been proven to be effective in reducing the incidence, morbidity and mortality associated with cervical cancer worldwide. It helps to detect cervical cancer at the precancer stage before cancer develops. Despite this, it is not always available in most low- and middle-income countries as compared to high-income countries. In countries where it is available...

Screening For Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Using Mrd Test In A High Transmission Area Of Ghana: Kintampo District

ABSTRACT Background Malaria has a high burden in sub-Saharan Africa which is caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Delayed or inaccurate diagnosis of malaria could lead to fatal consequences in patients seeking medical care for malaria. Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests (mRDT) provide an alternative in the absence of malaria microscopy to provide prompt and accurate diagnosis and is used to complement clinical diagnosis of individuals who report at health facilities with unspecific symptoms. Low sen...

Do Socio-Cultural Factors Influence The Women In Kassena Nankana District To Deliver Or Not Deliver In The Health Institutions? An Exploratory Study In The Upper East Region Of Ghana

ABSTRACT The study explores the factors that influence decisions of women in the Kassena Nankana District from delivering or not delivering in the health care facilities despite their use of antenatal care services at the facilities. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select two groups of women who had antenatal care at the facilities. Two hundred women were interviewed i.e. 100 who delivered at the facilities and 100 who delivered at home. A structured questionnaire was used to collec...

Effectiveness Of The Implementation Of The Work Place Hiv/Aids Policy& Technical Guidelines For The Health Sector At An Urban Tertiary Referral Hospital, Greater Accra Region, Ghana

ABSTRACT HIV Infection continues to impact the world of work. This is especially more evident in the health sector where health workers are at risk of hospital acquired infections and attitudes and practices strongly influence the response to the provision of prevention, treatment, care and support interventions for infected patients. The ILO thus recommends the implementation of HIV Work place policies at Global, Regional, County and Local levels. In line with this the MOH, Ghana published i...

Experiences Of Family Caregivers Of Elderly Burned Patients At The Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana

ABSTRACT The elderly population has been noted to be particularly at risk of being involved in burn injury and outcomes are usually related to significant morbidity and mortality rates resulting in increasing dependence on others. Despite this, there is limited exploration of their caregivers‘ experiences. Thus, this study aimed at exploring and describing the experiences of family caregivers of elderly burned patients at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. The study was guided by the Stres...

Pulmonary Functional Changes In Ghanaian Patients Undergoing Spinal Anaesthesia

STRUCTURED ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although spinal Anaesthesia remains the anaesthetic technique of choice for many surgeries below the umbilicus, it may be associated with increased risk of cardiopulmonary complications such as hypotension, bradycardia and intraoperative cardiopulmonary arrest. Spinal Anaesthesia blocks autonomic, motor and sensory nerves which may affect pulmonary function. In the general population, reduction in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) is a robust pr...

Quality Audit Of Rapid Hiv Diagnostic Processes And Outcomes In Selected Health Facilities In The Central Region Of Ghana

ABSTRACT Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the leading infectious killers worldwide. An estimated 34.2 million people worldwide were living with HIV in 2011 with about 60% of the HIV infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa. Testing to know an individual‟s HIV status is a key intervention to the prevention and early management of cases. These notwithstanding, an estimated 50% of persons living with the virus have not tested for HIV. The introduction of rapid HIV test k...

Determination Of The Mutagenicity Of Four Vegetable Oils After Heat Treatment

ABSTRACT Background: Vegetable oils are used either in the raw state or heated in the preparation of foods worldwide. Due to the nutrition transition, there is increased demand for fast cooked foods or convenience foods which involves the use of heated and repeatedly heated oils. Research has demonstrated that high temperature cooking with oils can result in the formation of mutagenic compounds that on consumption may induce the development of cancers. This study aimed at determining the muta...

Trends In Cancer Cases And Morphine Prescription At The Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital: 2011-2015.

ABSTRACT A retrospective record review on cancer cases covering the period 2011 to 2015 was undertaken at the National Centre for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital to determine trends in cancer cases and morphine prescriptions at the hospital. Data covering the period 2011 to 2015 were also retrieved from the cancer registry to ascertain the number of cases reported. Patients’ data including age, sex, types of cancer as well as the various stages of the can...

A Study Of Std Treatment Seeking Behavior Among Adolescent Students In Asuogyaman District Eastern Region

ABSTRACT A study to determine some factors that affected STD treatment seeking behaviour among adolescents students in Senior Secondary School was carried out in the Asuogyaman District of the Eastern Region of Ghana in May 1997. In all 62 students who had suffered STDs in the past were respondents to the questionnaire. Seventy one percent (71%) of respondents were males and 85.5% of respondents were aged between 17 and 20 years. 62% usually lived in a rural area. All respondents had some kno...

Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Adolescents In The La-Dadekotopon Municipality Of The Greater Accra Region Of Ghana

ABSTRACT Risky Sexual Behavior is described as any act that augments the risk of getting Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) or getting pregnant unintentionally. It comprises early sexual debut, sex with someone else apart from regular sexual partner, non-use of condoms during sex, non-use of family planning during sex and sex under the control of alcohol. The rest are sex with someone 10 years or older and sex under the influence of other substances. Given the rapid hormonal changes that ...

Ownership And Use Of Insectide Treated Nets Among Young People In The Kpone Katamanso District

PROPOSAL SUMMARY Introduction: Significant gains have been made in the implementation of malaria prevention measures in sub-Saharan Africa, and the use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) has been critical in reduction in the incidence of malaria in vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and children under five years. Insecticide treated nets usage is dependent on ownership of insecticide treated nets, Usage of insecticide treated nets among school young people is of importance because they ...


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