Medical & Health Sciences

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Research Papers/Topics in Medical & Health Sciences

Efficacy of Infra-Red Radiation Therapy in the Management of Non-Specific Chronic Lowback Pain

ABSTRACT  Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder which is a cause for functional disability among the working population with a negative psychological impact. Treatment for CLBP may be drugs and physical therapy. Infrared radiation therapy (IRR) is a physical therapy modality used in CLBP that has not been completely evaluated to determine its efficacy. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of IRR for pain relief in CLBP. 48 subjects participate...

Effect of Wooddust on Lung Function and Anthropometric Parameters of Carpenters and Non-Carpenters

ABSTRACT It is generally known that some types of dust impairs lung function. This study was designed with the aim to access if occupational exposure to wood dust from sawing and plaining of wood can impair the lung function of carpenters in Akim and Akai Efa timber market, Calabar. 40 subjects each for both test and controls were used for this study. The test group consisted of carpenters while the other 40 subjects used consist of 40 blue collar workers who had no obvious adverse occupation...

Malnutrition and its Associated Factors among Adults Attending Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Three Selected Hospitals in Bushenyj District, Uganda

ABSTRACT  Background: Malnutrition is a life-threatening condition among HIV positive adults and little is known about its patterns and associated factors in Southwestern Uganda. The aim of the study was to assess malnutrition and associated factors among HIV-positive adults in Bushenyi district, Uganda Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted at three selected hospitals handling HIV patients in Bushenyi district. A total of 253 participants were enrolled in the stud...

Nutritional Status and Lifestyle Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(DM) Attending the Diabetic Clinic at Mubende Regional Referral Hospital

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is described as the chronic metabolic disorder that is characterized by elevation of blood glucose concentration (fasting plasma glucose >7mmol; or plasma glucose> 11.1mmol/l two hours after a meal) – caused by relative or absolute insulin deficiency in the body often accompanied with insulin resistance (Kartzung, 2003). Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas necessary for the body cells ability to utilize bloo...

Comparative Study of Budgetary Allocations to Health and Other Departments in Local Government Areas of Ebonyi State from 2010 2014.

ABSTRACT  This work was on comparative study of budgetary allocations to health and other departments in local government areas (LGAs) of Ebonyi State from 2010 – 2014. The researcher was motivated to carry out this study by the poor state of health infrastructure in many parts of the rural communities of the Local Government Areas of Ebonyi state and also by the insinuations that other departments such as Education, Agriculture and works/environment perform better than health department. ...

Economic Burden, Payment Strategies and Payment Coping Mechanism among Type2 Diabetic Patients Attending a Tertiary Health Institution in Abia State, South East Nigeria

ABSTRACT  Diabetes is a chronic life- long illness that affects the quality of life, requiring close monitoring and control. Diabetics have high risk for high economic burden (direct and indirect health costs) and catastrophic expenditure where healthcare costs are paid out of pocket. This study determined the economic burden and assessed the payment strategies and payment coping mechanisms of type 2 diabetic patients attending Out- Patient Department of Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Umuahia,...

Effect of Seed Treatment with Synthetic Pesticides and Cassia Alata Extract on Field Performance of Nsukka Yellow Pepper (Capsicum Annum)

ABSTRACT  Field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research farm of the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria Nsukka to compare the activity of Cassia alata leaf extract with two synthetic chemical fungicides applied as seed treatment on the field performance of Nsukka yellow pepper. Four accessions of Nsukka yellow pepper seeds were treated with Apron plus 50 Ds (34% furathiocarb + 10% metalaxyl + 6% carboxine) and Thiram (tetramety1 thioperoxydicarbonic diamide) each ...

Comparative Analysis of Patients’ and Nurses’ Perceptions of Nurse Caring Behaviours in Two Tertiary Hospitals in Jos

ABSTRACT  The purpose of this study was to comparatively assess patients’ and nurses’ perceptions of nurse caring behaviours in Jos University Teaching hospital (JUTH) and Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH) Jos. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was employed to study 332 patients and nurses. No sampling was done as all the subjects who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Data were collected using a modified Caring Behavior Assessment questionnaire (CBA-...

Measurement of Complete Blood Count (CBC) in alcohol consumer – Khartoum 2014

Abstract This is a prospective case control study to investigate the effect of alcohol consumption on complete blood count (CBC) of alcohol consumers in Khartoum State from April to July 2014.The participants were 80 apparently healthy adult males; 50 of them are alcohol consumers and 30 are non-alcoholic (control).Their age was (41 ±7.3years).A questionnaire was constructed to obtain information about the participants after an informed verbal consent from all the participants. Ethical appr...

The Association of Placenta Previa with Cesarean Delivery using Ultrasound

ABSTRACT  This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Turkish hospital, Khartoum city. The duration of study was 5 months from first January 2016 to May 2016. The main aim was to identify the association of placenta previa with number of previous cesarean section done in pregnant women. In antenatal clinic as per protocol 50 pregnant women were scanned in their second and third trimester for fetal wellbeing and placental localization after taking a detailed obstetrical history a...

Characterization of the Heart in Hypertensive Patients using Ultrasound

ABSTRACT This research is conducted so as to know the importance of ultrasonography (Echocardiography) in the control, follow-up & the diagnosis of the different types of cardiac complications of hypertension (the impact of HTN on the heart muscles, valves and blood supply). The data was collected from Ribat teaching hospital, using an echocardiographic machine. This includes the left atrium, the left ventricular diameter in both systolic and diastolic phases as well as the valvular diameters...

Prevalence of Malaria among Inmates in Medium Security Custodial Center Sokoto

ABSTRACT: Malaria is one of the most severe global public health problems worldwide, particularly in Africa, where Nigeria has the greatest number of malaria cases. Malaria remains a disease of major public health problems in Nigeria especially among the neglected population such as the custodial center environment. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of malaria among inmates in medium security custodial center Sokoto. this research aims to assess the prevalence of malaria ...

Environmental and demographic risk factors associated with the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in the Alice rural settlements of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: a pilot s

Abstract We undertook this study to identify the risk factors and prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in HIV-positive and HIV-negative diarrhea patients in the Alice rural settlement in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. A total of 180 stool specimens (35 HIV-positive diarrhea, 125 HIV-negative diarrhea patients, and 20 apparently healthy subjects) were screened for cryptosporidiosis using an ELISA-based approach. Sociodemographic information, water supply, and animal contact were rec...

Ethnomedicinal survey of medicinal plants used for the management of HIV/AIDS infection among local communities of Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa

An ethnomedicinal survey was conducted on medicinal plants used for the management of HIV/AIDS infection in the local communities of Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. Information was obtained through a well-structured questionnaire and interviews administered to traditional healers and herbalists in various regions. The survey revealed 18 species belonging to 12 families. The members of Asphodelaceae (22.2%), Apocynaceae (16.7%), Asteraceae (11.1%), Mesembryanthemaceae (5.6%) and ...

Inhibition of HIV-1 Protease by Carpobrotus edulis (L.)

Carpobrotus edulis (L.) is a plant commonly found in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and is used for the general treatment of infections relating to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-1 protease plays an important role during HIV replication and maturation to its infectious form, and therefore inhibition of the enzyme is one of the main focus areas in drug development. +e inhibitory effect of a water extract of C. edulis leaves against HIV-1 protease activity was determined...


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