Medical & Health Sciences

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Medical & Health Sciences Research Papers/Topics

Acceptability of Child Adoption as Management Option for Infertility in Nigeria: Evidence from Focus Group Discussions

ABSTRACT Infertility remains a global health challenge with devastating psycho-social consequences in many African communities. Adoption that may serve as an alternative strategy for the affected couples is not widely practiced. This study was conceptualized to assess the acceptability of child adoption as a management option by Nigerians. Twelve focus group discussions were held involving three communities stratified into inner core, transitory and peripheral, within Ibadan metropolis, Sout...

Factors Associated With The Use Of Modern Family Planning methods Among Women Of Reproductive Age in The Builsa South District Of The Upper East Region, Ghana.

ABSTRACT  Background: Family planning use allows individuals and families to attain their desired number of children and to control the spacing of pregnancies. This is done through the use of contraceptives methods and the treatment of fertility. The use of family planning has a lot of benefits to every nation. Rapid population growth has brought about overcrowding in our cities, increased environmental pollution due to human activities and put a lot of pressure on our limited natural resou...

Repeat Ipsilateral Ectopic Gestation: A Series Of 3 Cases

ABSTRACT Ectopic pregnancy remains an important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity as well as early foetal wastage in Nigeria and in other developing countries. We report 3 different cases of repeat ipsilateral ectopic pregnancy seen in the gynaecological emergency unit of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Cases of repeat ectopic pregnancy often gives rise to diagnostic dilemma, and this becomes more difficult when it occurs at an ipsilateral location.

AntiConvulsant And Sedative Effects Of The Hydro-Ethanolic Whole Plant Extraction Of Cleome Ruicetidosperma (DC.) (CLEOMECEAE) In Mice.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cleome rutidosperma (DC.) (Family: Cleomeceae) is a low-growing herb used for the treatment of epilepsy in African traditional medicine. This study presents the anticonvulsant, sedative effects and safety profile of the hydro-ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Cleome rutidosperma (CRE) in murine experimental models. METHODS: Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract was conducted using standard colorimetric assays. The general effect of the extract, CRE (1...

Penetrating Eye Injuries In Children In Ibadan

ABSTRACT A retrospective study was carried out on 60 children under 12 years of age with penetrating eye injuries. This formed 28.7% of all penetrating eye injuries seen in the University College Hospital, Ibadan.

Psychology Challenges Of Pregnant Adolescents in The Ho Municipal Area Of The Volta Region

ABSTRACT Background: Adolescent pregnancy is considered to be high risk. The psycho-social challenges of these adolescents are enormous. This study therefore seeks to explore the psycho-social challenges of pregnant adolescents in the Ho Municipal area of the Volta Region in order to help inform policy on the appropriate psycho-social interventions. The scope of this study focused predominantly on the menace of adolescent pregnancy in the Ho Municipal area in the Volta Region of Ghana. Ther...

Prescription Practices And Patterns Of Antibiotics Used In Children Attending The Princess Marie Louise Children’s Hospital

ABSTRACT Introduction: Globally, antibiotic use in humans increased by 36% from 2000 to 2010, of which 50% was regarded as inappropriate use. There is high prevalence of antibiotic use in Ghana which is associated with inappropriate use. Whilst antibiotics use in developed countries reduced by 4% between 2000 and 2015 there was 75% increase in low and middle income countries during the same period. This may increase the potential for resistance developing against the antibiotics which may pos...

Factors Associated With Perinatal Mortality Among Refered Obstetric Emergencies In The Accra And Tema Metropolitan Areas, Ghana

ABSTRACT Background Perinatal mortality rate (PNMR)in developing countries, particularly sub-saharan Africa and Ghana is unacceptably high. Most perinatal mortalities (PNM) occur among women referred for obstetric complication. Maternity referral system (MRS) challenges limit access to emergency obstetric care (EmOC) needed to prevent maternal and perinatal mortalities. Despite the importance of MRSs, they have been understudies and under researched. This study thus sought to find factors ass...

Food Safety And Hygiene Conditions In Selected Public Secondary Schools With Boarding Facilities In Ibadan, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Cases of food contamination and poisoning in boarding schools have been reported in Nigeria. Although researches have been carried out on food safety in Nigerian schools, not many studies were conducted in boarding schools despite the health implications of consuming unsafe food. This study was designed to assess the food safety and hygiene conditions in selected Public Secondary Schools with Boarding Facilities(PSSBF) in Ibadan, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling technique was use...

The Yield From Routine Chest X-Rays in Stage 3 Breast Cancer Patients

ABSTRACT Context: Cancer of the breast is a common malignancy in Nigerian women and various imaging -examinations, including the chest radiograph are routinely requested in all patients with this disease.

Factors Associated With Perinatal Mortality Among Referred Obstetric Emergencies In The Accra And Tema Metropolitan Areas, Ghana

ABSTRACT Background Perinatal mortality rate (PNMR)in developing countries, particularly sub-saharan Africa and Ghana is unacceptably high. Most perinatal mortalities (PNM) occur among women referred for obstetric complication. Maternity referral system (MRS) challenges limit access to emergency obstetric care (EmOC) needed to prevent maternal and perinatal mortalities. Despite the importance of MRSs, they have been understudies and under researched. This study thus sought to find factors ass...

Case Control Study Of Dry Eye And Related Ocular Surface Abnormalities In Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract Background: Tear instability is associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort and irritation. Many patients with dry eyes remain untreated due to improper diagnoses. Objective :To identify symptoms and surface abnormalities associated with dry eyes. Materials and methods :One hundred and fifty-six eyes of 78 subjects attending the Eye Clinic of the University College Hospital Ibadan were screened for dry eyes/tear instability using rose Bengal stain (graded 0-9), tear break-up tim...

Performance Of Community-Based Agents (Cbas) In Homebased Care Of Uncomplicated Malaria Under-Five Years In The Atiwa District In The Eastern Region Of Ghana

ABSTRACT Introduction: Malaria contributes substantially to the poor health situation in Africa. It is on record that, Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 90% of the world’s 300 – 500 million cases and 1.5 – 2.7 million deaths annually. About 90% of all these deaths in Africa occur in young children. Home-based Management of Malaria (HMM) is a strategy to increase access to malaria treatment. This study was conducted to assess the the performance of Community - Based Agents in Home- Based C...

Sonographic Evaluation Of Testicular Volume In Neonates In Ibadan, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Background: The testes are responsible for the production of spermatozoa and testosterone in man. Reliable and accurate determination of testicular volume is of great potential benefit in evaluation of patients with a variety of disorders affecting testicular growth, development and function. Ultrasonography (USS) provides a good and reliable tool for determining testicular volume when objective, accurate and reproducible measurements are required. This can be done in an easy and pat...

Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Relating To Nutrition Among People Living With Hiv/Aids (Plwha) In Ibadan And Shaki, Oyo State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Nutrition plays a critical role in promoting the health of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Nutritional problems strongly predict illness or death among PLWHA. However, the knowledge, attitude and practices relating to adequate nutrition by this group of people have not been adequately explored in Nigeria. This study was therefore carried out to determine the knowledge, attitude and nutritional practices among PLWHA who were attending Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) clinics in Ibad...


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