Natural & Applied Sciences

Research Papers/Topics Natural & Applied Sciences

Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Salmonella Isolates among Diarrhoeal Patients Visiting Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia

Abstract: Salmonellosis, a disease caused by Salmonella, remains an important public health problem worldwide, particularly in the developing countries. A cross sectional descriptive survey study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Salmonella species among diarrhoeal patients who were visiting Dessie Referral Hospital (DRH), Dessie, North East Ethiopia from November 2016 - January 2017. A total of 384 stool samples were collected using sterile s...

Evaluation of Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Properties of Crude Extracts from Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica (Lam.) Cogn)

Abstract: The over increasing antibiotic resistance of pathogens has driven a global initiative towards the search for new sources of antimicrobial substances mainly from medicinal plants. Based on the existing traditional claim, this study investigated the antimicrobial activities and phytochemical composition of crude extracts of anchote (Coccinia abysinica) leaf and tuber using extracting solvents such as ethanol and hexane against the gram positive (Streptococcus aureus, Staphylococcus p...

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN WOLDIA DISTRICT, NORTH WOLLO ZONE, AMHARA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

Abstract: Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Woldia district, north Wollo Ethiopia was conducted from 1 May to August 29, 2019 in Woldiya District, North Wollo Zone, and Amhara National Regional State. The overall objective of this study was to conduct ethnobotanical survey and document plant species, which have medicinal value for both human and livestock in Woldiya district. One hundred informants from four kebeles were selected to this study randomly and purposively. Ethnobotanic...

Antimicrobial Activities of Datura stramonium against Selected Fungal and Bacterial Human Pathogens

Abstract: Antimicrobial efficiency of Datura stramonium plant parts (leaf, seed, stem and flower) crude extracts were examined using Ethanol, Chloroform and DMSO as solvents and tested against four bacterial and two fungal human pathogens like Bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Salmonella typhi ATCC1331, Streptococci agalactecia ATCC13311 and Fungi: Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus using agar disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial activities were...

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and their Associations with Anthropometric Measurements of School Children in Primary Schools of Hirna Town, Oromia Regional State, Eastern Et

Abstract: Intestinal protozoan and soil transmitted helminths infections are among the common leading causes of death worldwide. In developing countries intestinal protozoan and soil transmitted helminths infections are the major health problems where mostly pre-school and school age children are affected and the majority of these cases occur in sub-saharan African countries.The main objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence o f intestinal protozoan and soil transmitted ...

ASSESSMENT OF ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS AND ASSOCIATED INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE IN ODA-BULTUM DISTRICT,WEST HARARGHE ZONE OF OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA

Abstract: Ethnomedicinal researches play important role for conservation and sustainable utilization of medicinal plants and associated knowledge. The objective of this study was to document medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge in Oda-bultum district. Ethnobotanical data was collected from April 2016 to July 2016 using semi-structured interview, focus group discussion and direct field observation with 90 randomly selected non key informants and 47 key informants. To analyze d...

Primate Abundance, Distribution and Human-Primate Conflict in Tirba Forest, Awi Zone, Amhara National Regional State, North West Ethiopia

Abstract: A cross sectional survey was carried out to establish baseline information on the type of primate species, their abundance and distribution and common causes of Human-Primate conflict in Tirba Forest from September 2019 to May 2020. Four localities were selected in the forest for this study. Direct observation (focal animal sampling) from appropriate vantage points was used to identify primate species, their age classes’ and group sizes; line transect survey method was used to es...

Prevalence, Intensity and Risk Factors of Soil Transmitted Helminth Infections Among Killiso Primary School Children In Chiro Town, West Hararghe, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abstract: Soil transmitted helminth (STH) parasitic infections are one of the major public health problems in many countries including Ethiopia.The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of soil transmitted helminth parasitic infections and the associated risk factors among Killiso primary school children of Chiro Town, Oromia Region, Eastern Ethiopia. The design of the study was a cross-sectional survey involving 440 children aged 7- 18 years old who were chosen using s...

Biogas Production from CO-digestion of cow dung and Barley straw

Abstract: Biogas can be produced from any biodegradable feedstock that is suitable for anaerobic digestion. In present day biogas production from barley straw and cow dung was investigated using the number of small reactors. Barley straw was codigested with Cow dung with the aim of biogas production. Five treatment mixtures of Barley straw and Cow dung in ratio of 100% Barley straw(BS), 70% Barley straw(BS) and 30% Cow dung(CD) , 50% Barley straw(BS) and 50% Cow dung(CD) , 30% Barley straw a...

IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ALOE VERA (L.) LEAF EXTRACT ON SELECTED HUMAN SKIN PATHOGENS

Abstract: Aloe vera is one of a medicinal plant that used traditionally to treat a number of diseases. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial activities of Aloe vera (L.) leaf and gel extract in different solvents like Ethanol, Petroleum ether and Distilled water (aqueous) against selected human skin pathogens namely; Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Aspergillus flavus. Disc diffusion method was used to achieve antimicrobial assay. Minimum inhibitory, b...

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF HONEY BEE (Apis mellifera yementica) FOR PROBIOTIC APPLICATION

Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria are widely used as probiotics. Probiotics are beneficial components of the microbiota that have been used for centuries throughout the world because of the health benefits they confer to the host. Isolation and characterization of probiotic lactic acid bacteria is essential not only for understanding their individual contribution to fermentation processes but also to reveal their roles in industrial applications. The aim of this study was to isolate and charact...

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF OIL FROM UNRIPE AND RIPE BANANA (Musa sp.) PEELS AND PULP

Abstract: Banana peel is a good source of natural antioxidants and functional foods against cancer and heart diseases. The banana peel is nutritional and rich in phytochemical compounds than its pulp. Characterization of the physicochemical; antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of oil extracted from unripe green and yellow ripen banana fruit peels and pulps and appraisal of its viability is the main purpose of this study. In this work, In this work,In this work,In this work, In this work...

PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTH PARASITE INFECTIONS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AMONG STUDENTS IN METI PRIMARY SCHOOL, AMBO DISTRIC

Abstract: Soil- transmitted helminth parasite infections constitute major public health challenges among school children in developing tropical and sub-tropical countries. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with soil transmitted helminth parasite infections among school children in Meti Primary School of Oromiya Region, Ethiopia. The study was school based cross sectional survey, involving 408 participants (203 males and 205 females, age...

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING and ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF STINGING NETTLE (Urtica dioica L.) LEAF, FRUIT AND ROOT EXTACTS

Abstract: Medicinal plants have been used for centuries to treat diseases. Differences in antimicrobial activities may affected by geographical area and other conditions.This study was carried out to screen the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activities of leaf,friut and root extracts of U.dioca against pathogenic bacteria and fungus. U.dioca is a medicinal plant which belongs to the family Urticaceae.The Leaf,friut and root of this plant were collected. The phytochemical screeni...

EVALUATION OF HEAT PRE-TREATMENT ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM CORN STOVER AND GOAT MANURE UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITION

Abstract: Biogas technology, which is meant to produce methane rich gas through anaerobic digestion of biological materials, is an environmentally friendly technology that decreases environmental pollution through decomposing organic wastes and positively impacts the socio-economy of the society. Therefore, the research was conducted to investigate the production of biogas from corn Stover co-digested with goat manure through anaerobic digestion. In this study, five different proportions of ...


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