Abstract The fourth UN Quality Priority states that education is the key to achieving more Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), although urbanization factors limit student retention. World economies support the advancement of education. The Kenyan government is committed to the Education for All initiative. This progress, however, is undermined by the issue of access to primary school education. Any obstacle that impedes learning weakens not only the educational objective but also the growt...
Abstract Vihiga Sub-County like most of Western Kenya, is endowed with an equatorial climate, thus supports a rich diversity of flora and fauna. On the contrary, the area is susceptible to climate change impacts because, other than one major cause of global warming being emission of Greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane and chlorofloro carbons) in the mainly urban and industrial areas, the major cause of global warming and climate change in Vihiga Sub-County are human related activities ...
Abstract/Overview Land degradation is a problem facing humanity on earth today as it threatens food security as well as viable land use activities. This study considered quarrying as a form of land degradation using human beings as geomorphic agents. The study established the extent of quarrying effects on land degradation on land use activities such as agriculture, transportation and biodiversity. The indicators of land degradation were soil erosion marked by presence of gullies, sand bu...
Abstract This study investigates the impact of debt on economic performance in Kenya, focusing on both internal and external debt. Using regression analysis and correlation techniques, data from 2000 to 2021 was analyzed to understand the relationship between debt levels and economic growth indicators such as GDP. The findings reveal a nuanced relationship: while internal debt shows a positive association with economic growth, external debt demonstrates a negative association. Effective debt...
Abstract Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the world’s richest selections of indigenous fermented foods which constitute valuable cultural heritage with significant socio-economic impact. The review provides an in-depth examination of the diversity of indigenous fermented foods of Kenya in the cultural practices context, interlinked microbiome, associated nutritional and food security aspects while positing valorisation perspective. The traditional fermented foods are profiled into five cluste...
Abstract This study was to investigates the dynamics of inflation in Kenya through the application of advanced time series modeling techniques, specifically Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) analysis. Inflation is a critical economic indicator that directly influences monetary policy, investment decisions, and overall economic stability. Given the dynamic of inflation in emerging economies such as Kenya, a fine understanding of its patterns and the ability to make accurate for...
Abstract Gryllus bimaculatus (field cricket) powder is a prospect in enriching gluten-free food products' protein and mineral contents. However, the technological impacts of replacing common gluten-free cereal flours with G. bimaculatus powder are still incipient. This study aimed to characterise nutritional composition, particle morphology, and particle size distribution of G. bimaculatus powder and the gluten-free flours (maize, rice, finger millet and proso millet). Additionally, it i...
Abstract/Overview Ticks harbor multiple pathogens, most of which can be transmitted to hu mans. The ensuing zoonoses display non-specific symptoms that make defin itive diagnosis difficult. We report here the development and evaluation of multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays for eight tick-borne zoonoses (TBZ). The assays were organized in duo formats of 4-plex each. Format 1 was optimized for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Coxiella burnetii, Borrelia burgdoferi and Ehr...
Abstract/Overview Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a major source of carbohydrates, calcium, vitamins (B and C), and essential minerals and isthe third most important source of calories in the tropics. However, it is not clear if the traditional processing methods expose the products to microbial contamination. )is study assessed the levels of fungi and aflatoxin contamination in traditionally processed cassava products (Akuoga and Abeta). A total of 38 samples were collected from th...
Abstract/Overview We present norm inequalities for positive elementary operators via Cauchy-Schwarz inequality and Minkowskis inequality techniques. Norm inequalities are presented in Euclidean algebras linked to Minkowski’s light cones. Lastly, we explore the applications in quantum theory particularly in entanglement of states.
Abstract/Overview Let H be an infinite dimensional complex Hilbert space and B(H) the algebra of all bounded linear operators on H. We establish norm-attainability of operators via projective tensor norm. Moreover, we give results on the convergence of norm-attainable operators.
Abstract/Overview In Kenya, no studies have attempted to use routine health facility data disaggregated by level of care, to find out if there is a significant statistical relationship between physical accessibility and utilization of maternity services at the ward administrative level. A cross-sectional study design used publicly available geospatial data in combination with routine data from the web-based district health information software (DHIS2) platform. Access Mod (version 5.2.6) ...
Abstract/Overview Ever since the first case report of HIV infection approximately twenty years ago, enormous human and material resources have been put in place to assist in the control and management of the scourge. With an increase in number of cases of immunosuppression came an increase in the number of microbial organisms, which were previously unknown. Some, which have existed albeit at an equilibrium with the human immune system and by extension the body’s defence mechanism have f...
Abstract/Overview Background: Due to the difficulty in implementing microscopy-based definitive diagnosis of malaria especially in resource-poor areas, rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits as alternatives have been developed by different companies. Kits from different companies may differ in sensitivity and specificity. It is therefore imperative to conduct field evaluation of kits from different manufacturers before they are recommended for widespread use in diagnosis of malaria. The present...
Abstract/Overview Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant cancer of the liver arising from uncontrolled multiplication of the abnormal liver cells. It is an ignored public health condition where patients come late to the hospital at terminal stages. Its development is proceeded by liver inflammation arising from the risk factors of HCC affecting the liver. HCC is one of the few cancers with both infectious and non-infectious causes. The common causes range from infections with viral...