Natural & Applied Sciences

Research Papers/Topics Natural & Applied Sciences

Hepatotoxic effect of Xylopia aethiopica Fruit in Wistar Rats

Background: Xylopia aethiopica fruit has been reported to possess high medicinal value. Thus, people use it without any regard for its toxicity.Aim: This study is therefore aimed at investigating its toxicity on the liver of Wistar rats.Methodology: The fruits of Xylopia aethiopica were obtained from new market in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria and were authenticated. They were air-dried and extracted using Soxhlet apparatus and ethanol as solvent. The median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was d...

In Vitro And In Vivo Anti-Plasmodial Activities Of Senna Occidentalis Roots Extracts Against Plasmodium Falciparum And Plasmodium Berghei

Plasmodium is a genus of parasitic protozoa, many of which cause malaria in their host. Five species namely; P. falciparum, P. malarae, P. ovale, P. vivax and P. knowlesi cause human malaria. Malaria due to P. falciparum is one of the most severe public health problems worldwide with an annual estimated 207 million clinical episodes and 627,000 deaths. The use of conventional antimalarial drugs as treatment for malaria is greatly hindered by drug resistance exhibited by the parasite. Conseque...

Pozzolana Cement Obtained By Calcining Raw Clays/Rice Husks Mixtures

The aim of the study was to investigate thermal activation of clays from selected regions of Mwea using rice husks (RH), as the only source of energy, to produce low cost pozzolanalime cement. The clays were sampled from Gikiiro and Ugweri regions and coded 2060 and 2062 respectively. The clays were calcined at temperatures between 500 and 800 oC for one and two hours. Further, the raw clays were blended with rice husks at different ratios and fired in a fixed bed kiln (FBK). The resultant as...

AfroAsia Research 106 PAGES (15974 WORDS) Chemistry Thesis
Variation Of Cyanide Levels In Processed Sweet Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Leaves Grown In Busia And Kilifi Counties, Kenya

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is the third most important food source around the world especially in sub - Sahara Africa. It is preferred due to its agronomical attribute such as ability to grow in poor soils and drought resistance. The consumption of its tubers and leaves has dual antagonistic contribution to mankind. On one hand, this perennial tropical crop contains carbohydrates, vitamins, calcium and iron which are of nutritional benefit while on the other hand, they contain cyanoge...

Iron Ore Mineral Deposits Exploration By Ground Magnetics In Kindani Area, Meru County, Kenya

Recent geophysical surveys have reported presence of iron ore deposits within Meru County. It has been speculated that there could be more deposits within the region. Ground magnetic surveying was used to detect magnetic rocks within host formations in Kindani area of Maua. A fluxgate magnetometer was used to measure the vertical component of the Earth’s magnetic field in some 98 stations, covering an area of about 25 km2. Diurnal and geomagnetic corrections were then done on the data. A co...

AfroAsia Research 85 PAGES (14471 WORDS) Physics Thesis
Heavy Metals Distribution in Soil and Plants in the Vicinity of a Municipal Dumpsite Along NPA Expressway, Warri

ABSTRACT This Research examines the heavy metal distribution of a dumpsite in Uvwie Local Government Area along Warri Port Express-Way of Delta State Nigeria. A total of eight (8) soil samples and (2)-plant sample were collected from the study area and also control site using a systematic sampling technique. Samples were taken to the lab and analyzed to determine the physicochemical parameters and heavy metal content. The dumpsite is contaminated with heavy metals such as iron (ranging from...

Infections With Intestinal Protozoa And Geohelminths And The Risk Factors Among Secondary School Students In Maara Sub-County, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya

Intestinal parasitic infections caused mainly by protozoa and helminths are most prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions of the world where adequate water and proper sanitation are lacking. Helminthiasis has been listed among the three most prevalent diseases in Tharaka-Nithi County. The residents are mainly small scale nonmechanized farmers hence there is frequent contact with the soil. Chronic parasitic infection among students negatively affects their health, nutrition, cognitive dev...

An Assessment Of Ph, Toxic And Essential Plant Elements In Greywater From Selected Households In Kenyatta University, Kenya

Kenya is experiencing acute water shortage resulting to water rationing, conflict among water users, increased water prices among others. Therefore, there is need for water conservation. One of the water conservation methods available today is greywater reuse. Greywater is domestic wastewater generated from kitchens, bathrooms, and laundry activities. According to World Health Organization (WHO) each household in capital cities of most countries produces an average greywater flow of 356 litre...

In Vitro Antioxidant Activities Of Dichloromethane Extracts Of Strychnos Henningsii G. And Ficus Sycomorus L.

Most of biochemical reactions in the body generates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are involved in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress-related disorders like diabetes, nephrotoxicity, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, inflammation and neurological disorders when they attack biochemical molecules like proteins, lipids and nucleic acid. Antioxidants are used to protect the cells or tissues against potential attack by ROS. Natural based antioxidants such as catalase, glutathione, superoxi...

Physico-Chemical Characterization Of Raw Clays Used In Pottery At Ilesi In Kakamega County - Kenya

Ilesi market in Kakamega County has been known for pottery for more than five decades in spite of the fact that the clays used have not been scientifically characterized. The potters register significant losses in their production due to swelling during molding, breakages during drying and firing. The objective of this study was to characterize the clays with a view to determining their suitability for pottery. Clay soils from Ilesi deposits in Kakamega County have been physically and chemica...

AfroAsia Research 100 PAGES (20766 WORDS) Chemistry Thesis
Assessment Of The Levels Of Selected Skin Lightening Agents In Cosmetics Marketed In Mombasa County, Kenya

The practice of skin-lightening has reached epidemic levels in many nations around the globe, and especially in many African countries. In Kenya, the practice is common in major urban centres like Nairobi, Kisumu, Eldoret and Mombasa. The skin lightening cosmetics occur in various forms including topical creams, soaps and bleaching powders. Ingredients such as hydroquinone (HQ), mercury (Hg), arbutin (ART), kojic acid (KA), ascorbic acid (AA), magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (MAP) are used in sk...

Factors Influencing Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Infants Less Than 6 Months In Kasarani Informal Settlement, Molo District, Kenya

The health benefits of exclusive breastfeeding on survival, growth and development of a child as well as health and well being of a mother are well documented. The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) are among organizations promoting exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months. Factors influencing breastfeeding have been well researched but there is paucity of data on factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding practices. This study aimed to esta...

Culturing, Characterization And Identification Of Candidate Microorganisms In Cattle Ear, Responsible For Producing Volatile Constituents Attractive To The Brown Ear Tick

East Coast Fever is a disease of cattle which results in high animal mortality with corresponding economic losses to farmers and to the nation. The disease is caused by a protozoan agent whose vector is Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Brown Ear Tick). The tick feeds dominantly inside the cattle ear. Studies have shown that the adults of R. appendiculatus exhibit „pull-push‟ effect that guides them to their preferred feeding site. This is linked to the presence of ear volatiles which attrac...

Radioactivity Concentrations And Dose Assessment For Soil Samples From Wheat Plantation Areas Of Narok County, Kenya

Naturally occurring radioactivity has existed in our environment since the creation of the earth. Uranium, thorium and potassium radionuclides are relatively abundant in rocks and soils. Poor agricultural practices such as excessive use of fertilizers also lead to accumulation of radioactive elements in the soil. Due to their radiation, these radionuclides pose exposure risks which could lead to health related problems like cancer to the people exposed. There is therefore a growing concern on...

AfroAsia Research 80 PAGES (10954 WORDS) Physics Thesis
Synthesis, Characterization And Screening Of Selected Amine Complexes Of The 5-C5h5)(Co)(Pph3)Fe] For Organometallic Moiety [(Η Antibacterial Activity

The emergence of bacterial resistance to existing antibiotics and other drugs is a worldwide problem. New classes of antimicrobial compounds with complete new mode of action are therefore urgently needed to control the rise of the multidrug resistant pathogens. The objective of this study was to prepare, and characterize halfsandwich organometallic compounds of iron containing amine ligands with similar backbones as drug molecules used in the treatment of TB and to test their biological activ...


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