Medical & Health Sciences

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Research Papers/Topics Medical & Health Sciences

KNOWLEDGE, ATITUDE AND PERCEPTION TOWARDS CONTRACEPTION USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN THE BONGO DISTRICT OF THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA

Background: More recently, contraception has been increasingly studied with regards to adolescent reproductive health. This study sought to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of adolescents on contraception in the Bongo District. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using structured questionnaires. Data was analysed using SPSS software (version 20) at two levels: gender and education. Results: The average age of first intercourse was 15.8 and 15...

ULCERATED GIANT GALACTOCELE IN A 30-YEAR-OLD WOMAN: A CASE REPORT FROM THE TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN THE NORTH REGIONAL CAPITAL - GHANA

Galactocele is a non-neoplastic cystic breast lesion found commonly in postpartum or lactating women.It may mimic neoplastic lesion because of the timing of its occurrence and or the clinicopathological changes in the affected breast tissue. It may thus pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians in the absence of advanced imaging technology and histopathological examination. We present a 30-year-old woman para 7(5 alive, 2 dead) from the northern region of Ghana with an ulcerated giant galacto...

RARE CASE OF INCARCERATED BILATERAL SPIGELIAN HERNIA IN GHANA: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Spigelian hernia is an uncommon form of abdominal wall hernia. The symptoms can be insidious but the commonest are abdominal pain or a lump on the anterior abdominal wall. Diagnosis can be challenging, but the use of ultrasonography and contrast enhanced CT (CECT) scan is essential to avoid diagnostic delays. In view of a high risk of incarceration and strangulation anticipated, urgent operative intervention is necessary. In this case report, a 42-year old multiparous woman presented with bil...

THE KNOWLEDGE OF UNSAFE ABORTION AMONG THE YOUTH: THE CASE OF TAMALE METROPOLIS IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA

Background: Unsafe abortion contributes significantly to maternal deaths in Africa despite the availability of safe abortion services. This study assessed the knowledge of unsafe abortion among the youth within the Tamale Metropolis in the Northern region of Ghana. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using structured questionnaires. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23.0 (Chicago). Result: The mean age of respondents was 23 ±10.4 years. The great majority (9...

SURGICAL HEALTHCARE WORKERS KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE ON INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL: A CASE OF TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL, GHANA

Most morbidities and mortalities related to clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic procedures are related to infection and the solution to this is good infection prevention and control (IPC) compliance which is influenced by the right knowledge and positive attitude. Aim. 'is study aimed to assess infection prevention and control (IPC) knowledge and attitude among healthcare workers at the surgical department of Tamale Teaching Hospital (TTH). Methods. 'is study was conducted using a descripti...

CIRCUMCISION-RELATED TRAGEDIES SEEN IN CHILDREN AT THE KOMFO ANOKYE TEACHING HOSPITAL, KUMASI, GHANA

Background: Circumcision is a common minor surgical procedure and it is performed to a varying extent across countries and religions. Despite being a minor surgical procedure, major complications may result from it. In Ghana, although commonly practiced, circumcision-related injuries have not been well documented. This study is to describe the scope of circumcision-related injuries seen at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Methods: The study was conducted at the Urology Uni...

MALNUTRITION AND NUTRITIONAL SCREENING IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING SURGERY IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background There is a high incidence of preoperative undernutrition in hospitalised patients in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), leading to increased postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and early mortality. Review aims are to establish the prevalence of undernutrition and assess the use of validated nutritional screening tools in surgical patients across LMICs. Methods Protocol was PRISMA compliant and Prospero registered (CRD42019126765). Twelve international databas...

NECROTIZING FASCIITIS OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL: A RARE COMPLICATION OF NEGLECTED STRANGULATED RICHTER'S EPIGASTRIC HERNIA

Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is an aggressive and rapidly spreading soft tissue infection that could be associated with high mortality. Early diagnosis can be challenging and so a high index of suspicion is needed. Bedside ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) scan could be employed to aid in diagnosis. The objective of this report is to describe the diagnostic process in a resource challenged setting and review the literature. We present an elderly patient with necro...

CATHETER-ASSOCIATED BACTERIA URINARY TRACT INFECTION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL, IN GHANA

Background: This study seeks to identify the prevalence of catheter associated urinary infection and the type of bacteria that are associated with this infection, as well as the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the organisms isolated. This would guide the choice of antibiotics when there is catheter associated urinary tract infection. Method: From 1 November 2015-31 April 2016 a cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with urinary catheter in-situ. Urine samples collected were...

DORSAL ONLAY ORAL MUCOSA GRAFT URETHROPLASTY: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The use of buccal mucosa grafts in urethral reconstruction for complex anterior urethral strictures has gained popularity over the years with very good outcomes reported in literature. We report on the successful repair of a complex anterior urethral stricture in a 14-year-old boy following catheterization using this method at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. The aim is to describe the method of dorsal onlay oral mucosa graft urethroplasty and to review the literature.

PROFILE AND MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN WITH URINE RETENTION AT A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY

Background: Urine retention is an important urologic emergency among children that is widely studied in the developed world but sparse literature exists in developing countries. Purpose: To describe the profile of children with urine retention and the options of management at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Methods: We retrospectively recorded data of children who presented with urine retention at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, from 1stFe...

DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF MALARIA RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST TO DIAGNOSE POST TRANSFUSION MALARIA IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD AT KOMFO ANOKYE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Background: Post-transfusion malaria in children under five years is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The RDTs currently are used to supplement microscopy in the diagnosis of malaria in many endemic countries. However their efficiency as a screening tool for the detection of malaria in donors or in transfusion recipients has not been well evaluated. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of malaria RDT in the detection of post transfusion malaria. Material and methods:...

ROUTINE STERILE GLOVE AND INSTRUMENT CHANGE AT THE TIME OF ABDOMINAL WOUND CLOSURE TO PREVENT SURGICAL SITE INFECTION (CHEETAH): A PRAGMATIC, CLUSTER-RANDOMISED TRIAL IN SEVEN LOW-INCOME AND

Background Surgical site infection (SSI) remains the most common complication of surgery around the world. WHO does not make recommendations for changing gloves and instruments before wound closure owing to a lack of evidence. This study aimed to test whether a routine change of gloves and instruments before wound closure reduced abdominal SSI. Methods ChEETAh was a multicentre, cluster randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries (Benin, Ghana, India, Mexico, Nigeria, Rwa...

TRENDS IN THYROID MALIGNANCIES IN ACCRA GHANA: A RETROSPECTIVE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL REVIEW IN THE DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY (1994-2013), KORLE-BU TEACHING HOSPITAL

Background: Malignancies of the thyroid gland are common in certain parts of the world. In Ghana there are no available data on the trends and gender characteristics of thyroid malignancies (TMs). The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the trends and gender characteristics of TMs in the Department of Pathology. Keywords: Thyroid malignancies; Trends; Gender characteristics; Ghana Introduction Malignancies of the thyroid gland are relatively rare neoplasms worldwide, accounting f...

GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS IN NORTHERN GHANA: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL REVIEW IN THE DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY; TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL

ABSTRACT Published data on GIT cancers in Northern Ghana is scanty. The aim of this review was to document the spectrum and the clinico-pathological characteristics of GIT cancers diagnosed in northern Ghana as a baseline data. Material and Methods: This was a histopathological review (n = 238) from 1st January, 2013 to 31st December, 2020. Data were analysed using SPSS software, version 26.0 (Chicago). Fisher’s exact test with a significance level of 0.05 was performed using GraphPad Prism...


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