CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW Rapid changes in demography and social and economic development play an important role in the emergence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) as a public&n...
ABSTRACT The pterion is a point of confluence of the sutural parts of the frontal bone, parietal bone, greater wing of sphenoid bone, and squamous part of the temporal bone. It is classified into four types: spenoparietal, frontotemporal, stellate, and epipteric. This study highlighted the morphology and location of the pterion of adult Nigerian skull in comparison to other populations. A total of 50 dry skulls were used from the Departments of Anatomy of five federal institution...
Background: Normal and abnormal development of anorectum is still under debate. Etiology of abnormal development of anorectum is poorly understood. Caffeine is a vasoconstrictor that has been implicated in abnormal anorectal development and is a major constituent of Kola nut (Cola nitida). It is consumed heavily by pregnant women in Nigeria to control vomiting. Objectives: We examined the teratogenic effects of oral administration of aqueous extract of Cola nitida (AECON) on foetal growth an...
TABLE OF CONTENTCover Page - - - - - - - - - - 1Table of contents - - - - - - - - - 2Abstract - - - - - - - - - - 3Introduction - - - - - - - - - - 5Water Treatment - - - - - - - - - - 7 What are Coagulants - - - - - - - - 8Inorganic Coagulants - - - - - - - - 8Organic Coagulants - - - - - - - - - 10Coagula...
SUMMARYAvian influenza H7N9 virus is a single stranded, negative sense, enveloped and segmented RNA virus that belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family. This virus first appeared in march 2013 and it models a pandemic threat to man because of the segmented nature of its genome which makes the virus prone to mutations. This virus if not properly managed may acquire the gene for sustained human to human transmission and pandemic, hence close monitoring and surveillance of the virus is imperative....
ABSTRACT Malaria is entirely preventable and treatable vector-borne disease which account for an estimated 219 million cases globally, killing about 660,000 people, mostly children under five years of age. The synergistic effects of nutrition in malaria infection were observed in mice fed with different nutrients (protein, carbohydrat...
ABSTRACT Vernonia amygdalina leaves, commonly called bitter leaf is widely consumed in Africa especially in Nigeria. The leaf extract has been reported to have prebiotic potentials but limited information is available on the immune-modulatory effects. This study evaluated the immuno-modulatory properties of the leaf extract and identified the prebiotic components. The aqueous extract was separated into fractions by Liquid-liquid fractionation and the prebiotic compounds were iden...
Malaria is a major public health problem in the world especially in Africa, with an estimated two million children and pregnant women worldwide dying of malaria yearly, primarily because of Plasmodium falciparum and its complications. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanol leaf extract revealed the presence of triterpenoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside, carbohydrate and alkaloids. The in vivo antimalarial activity of the crude methanol leaf ext...
Since the late 90s, the Niger Delta of the Federal Republic of Nigeriahas been faced with many ecological threats. These include choleraoutbreak, Lassa fever, oil spillage, black soot and flooding, among others.However, this essay focuses on black soot, oil spillage and flooding inthree communities in Rivers State, one of the six states in the Niger Delta.These communities are most affected among the state's total of over onehundred. Their names are Aluu, Rumuolumeni, and K-Dere communities.
ABSTRACTThe students housing has been a major area of concern with increasing students population as a result of increasing interest in higher institution of learning over the years. The rise in population which has led to various problematic conditions of students housing has indeed met with renewed interest in sourcing and researching the best practicable approach towards the enablement of efficient, conducive academic driven environment. In order to ensure that tertiary institutions in Nig...
ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus has proved to become a global public health issue, given the growing burden of the disease (prevalence) and associated metabolic diseases. Empirical evidence from clinical studies demonstrates the influence of insulin biochemistry (parameters) – insulin resistance, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity – in the development of Diabetes Mellitus; however, the factors underlying the biochemical behaviour these insulin parameters and their associated ...
ABSTRACT: The study evaluated effect of aqueous leaf extracts of C. articulata and M. aethiopicum on serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin in male albino rats as well as on organ weights and histological structure of the testis. The phytochemical composition of the extracts was also qualitatively determined. This was an experimental study. Shade dried C. articulata and M. aethiopicum leaves were pounded and crude extracts were...
Source–rock deductions of major ions and saturation states of minerals in groundwater were employed to determine the origin of dissolved ions and the thermodynamic controls on the groundwater composition respectively in groundwater within the Amansie and Adansi Districts. The main objective of this study is to characterize groundwater and delineate soil-water-rock interactions responsible for the chemical evolution of groundwater within the districts. Fifty-nine boreholes, twelve wells and ...
The pollution status of Sakumo II and Muni Lagoons and Mamahuma and Gbagbla Ankonufeeder streams, which feed Sakumo II along the coast of Ghana, were assessed and compared.As expected of saline waters, pH values of both lagoons fell within a slightly neutral to salinerange whilst, the feeder streams were moderately saline. Conductivity distribution also showedsaline (.5.0mScm21) characteristics of the lagoons, while, the feeder streams are brackish(1.5–5.0mScm21). DO concentrations in both ...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous organic pollutants in urban environmentsincluding urban soils. Elevated concentrations of PAHs in urban soils are caused by incomplete combustion of petroleum and coal. This study assesses 16 individual PAH compounds in a total of 112 surficial soil samples. The objective was to assess and compare the levels of contamination as well as examine the main sources of PAHs in four urban agricultural soils using molecular ratios of some specifi...