ABSTRACT Clinicians are becoming increasingly interested in the use of exercise training to enhance functional outcomes and improve physiological parameters after stroke. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training on walking function and selected cardiovascular parameters of adult patients with stroke. Sixty-seven (67) stroke subjects comprising 36 men and 31 women participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to two exercise groups (A and B) and a co...
ABSTRACT Blood pressure is consistently higher in males compared with females from puberty onwards and men show an increased risk for hypertension compared to women. The gender disparity in cardiovascular functions and diseases has been linked to the effect of sex hormones on vascular reactivity. Although previous studies have suggested that the effect of chronic exposure to testosterone is an increase in vascular tone, it therefore implies that lack of testosterone should elicit vasorelaxat...
ABSTRACT Introduction: Prematurity is the major cause of neonatal death world-wide, Namibia included. In Namibia, the neonatal mortality has increased dramatically from 19 deaths per 1000 live births in 2000 to 30 deaths per 1000 live birth in 2014. Objectives: To determine the survival rate of premature and critically sick new-born babies and assess the risk factors associated with death of these babies (premature babies – are babies born before 37 weeks of gestation, counting from the fi...
ABSTRACT Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) especially, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis (Treponema pallidum) are a constant threat to blood safety for recipients. Globally, about 1.6 million blood units are destroyed annually owing to TTIs seropositivity, of which 10% is discarded in sub-Saharan Africa. In Kenya, despite of a series of safety improvements in blood donations among them rigorous pre-donation screening an...
ABSTRACT End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is a global public health problem. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) has over 200 hemodialysis patients with nearly 2/3rd struggling with dietary and fluid adherence. This study assessed determinants of diet and fluid adherence among ERSD undergoing hemodialysis at MTRH. A quantitative cross-sectional study design was conducted from 1st April to 16th May 2018. A sample size of 145 participants who were on HD twice weekly were conveniently recrui...
Abstract Background: There has been a marked increase in people with disability all over the world including Tanzania. Consequently, the psychiatric disabled people are not healthily maintained, become apathetic, have difficult in trouble coping, are discriminated against, are not integrated into local communities, and most of them face massive unemployment. To address this condition of psychiatric disability, the Tanzanian government established Mirembe psychiatric hospital and Hombolo reh...
Abstract Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is associated with growth failure. However, recent reports indicate high rates of overweight or obesity among children with SCA in developed countries. It is unclear whether overweight or obesity is also common in children with SCA in developing countries. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of overweight or obesity, wasting and stunting and identify predictors of wasting and stunting among children with SCA in Nigeria. ...
ABSTRACT Inadequate and erratic rainfall in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) of Kenya that are accompanied by long dry spells lead to drought. This leads to low feed availability. Inadequate quality and quantity of feeds is the major constraint to livestock production in the ASALs of Kenya. It is the major input factor to livestock production and accounts for 60-70% of the production cost. There is therefore a need to introduce climate smart forage species in order to expand the forage re...
Abstract Esophageal cancer is the third most common gastrointestinal malignancy and is among the 10 most prevalent cancers worldwide (Beasley P. 1997) . the main objective of this study to Assessment of Sub- mucosal Layer Spread of Esophageal Carcinoma using computed tomography . which done to the 35 patients with histologically confirmed esophageal carcinoma ,referred to Alamal Hospital and Alneleen Medical Center, for determine the accurate site and size of tumor for possible treatment from...
ABSTRACT Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, which produces a characteristic scarring of the inner surface of the eyelids. It affects all age groups but is more prevalent among young children, aged less than 9 years, who are the reservoirs of the disease. Trachoma is the leading cause of infectious blindness in the world, accounting for more than 1.4% of the world‟s blindness. It‟s transmitted through direct contact of infected ocular material ...
ABSTRACT Male Involvement (MI) in Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services such as pre-conception care, antenatal care (ANC), prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, skilled birth and management of birth complications, is an intervention that plays a crucial role in improving MCH outcomes. Increased utilization of MCH services is an essential package in reducing the risks associated with pregnancy and child bearing since mothers may develop serious life-threatening complica...
Abstract This study lies in the field of Cognitive Linguistics as it focuses on the use of metaphor in EkeGusii Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) discourse. This chapter highlights health communication, the history of HIV and AIDS in Kenya, EkeGusii and HIV, the linguistic expressions used in HIV and AIDS discourse and the concept of metaphor. The chapter also presents the statement of the problem, its research questions, objectives, justificat...
ABSTRACT The burden of HIV/AIDS persists in sub-Saharan Africa, in which Kenya is part, despite the preventive efforts. The national prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Kenya is 5.6%, and Nyanza Province is (15.1%) which is more than double. Subsequently, the prevalence in Kisumu is at 18.5%. Universal access to HIV Testing and Counselling (HTC) is recognized as the cornerstone for HIV prevention. Furthermore, it has been evidenced that Provider-Initiated Testing and Counselling (PITC) is considered as...
ABSTRACT Recent decreases in the global malaria burden are partly due to the deployment of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, these significant gains are threatened by emergence of drug-resistant malaria parasites. In Africa, P. falciparum remains susceptible to ACTs. However, due to the emergence of parasites that are resistant to ACTs in Southeast Asia and the recent report of declined responsiveness of P. fa...
Abstract Introduction: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) which has been well described in western populations especially as the commonest cause of recurrent abdominal pain The aim of this study was to document the prevalence of Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) amongst children in western Nigeria and increase the aware ness of IBS amongst physicians who manage children with abdominal pain. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conduc...