The fight against HIV and AIDS in Kenya has been intensified to reduce the prevalence of HIV and AIDS across all populations. The National adult HIV prevalence rate in Kenya is 4.4%, with prevalence higher among women (5.7%) compared to that of men (3.1%). The prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) is highest at 29.3% compared to all other populations, This implies that there is low uptake of HIV combination prevention strategies (HACPS) which are the recommended prevention intervention...
Food borne diseases presents a widespread and growing public health problem both in developed and developing countries including Kenya. Diseases spread through food still remain a common and persistent problem resulting in appreciable morbidity and occasional mortality. Food hygiene in hospital poses peculiar problems, particularly given the presence of patients who could be more vulnerable than healthy individuals to microbiological risks. Kitchen environment and food handlers play an import...
Slums play many roles in city life. Slums, poverty and the informal sector are closely related, but are by no means congruent. As the place of residence of low-cost laborers, they keep the wheels of the city working in many different ways. They are adept at producing the services and commercial activities that the formal sector fails to provide through the mobilization of local enterprise and industry. They are the recipients of the city‟s externalities: noxious industry, waste materials,...
In Kenya, the high level of food insecurity is related to poverty and a reduction in agricultural production. HIV/AIDS reduces a household’s ability to produce and purchase food. Adults with HIV/AIDS are less able to work on their land or earn income from other livelihood activities. Increased healthcare costs decrease household food purchasing power and the coping mechanisms reduce household resilience. Kenya National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan 2005/6- 2009/10 has recommended for impa...
Young people aged between 15-24 years account for more than 50 percent of all HIV infections worldwide. More than 6,800 young people are newly infected with HIV and 5700 die each day throughout the world. Young people are particularly vulnerable to HIV because of social, cultural, biological, and economic reasons therefore VCT offers an important entry point to early prevention, care, and support of these youth. Research conducted in Kenya by the German Foundation for World Population estimat...
Fungal dermatological conditions are caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes. They cause infections in almost all parts of the body. The most common cause of skin infections are dermatophytes and opportunistic fungi. Dermatophytoes are not life threatening but they affect the quality of life of the patients as they can cause depression, lack of self confidence and isolation incase of deep lesions. In Kenya the prevalence and distribution of the infections as well as the common dermato...
Perceived health services quality and patient satisfaction are two important health indicators for measuring health system performance. Meeting the needs of the patient and maintaining acceptable healthcare standards are imperative to achieving high quality health care which makes the patient to be the center of healthcare’s quality agenda. While perceived quality of health services affects utilization of services, there is still a gap in literature on the level of customer satisfaction in ...
This study was about the determinants of unmet need for family planning in the era of the global gag rule at Family Health Options Kenya in Nairobi City County. Problem statement: This policy creates inhibitions on family planning programs and results in loss of US funding for reproductive health NGOs that depend on donor funding for their reproductive health activities such as family planning. FHOK has had to close down the Kitengela and Mombasa clinics. Objectives: The objective of the stud...
Cancer is a group of diseases characterised by uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Of all the types of cancers worldwide, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed in women while prostate cancer is the second in men. The current cancer management methods have challenges including unpleasant side effects, high cost and even not effective. As the number of patients is on the rise, physicians look forward with hope to the discovery and development of safe, effective and less toxic anticancer...
Health seeking behaviour refers to actions undertaken by a person who perceives self to be ill for the purpose of finding an appropriate remedy. Nurses as gate keepers of health are expected to seek formal treatment when they are taken ill because this is what they teach and expect of their patients. Their working conditions world over have been described as squalid with long working hours, often cited as accruing from workload and the general nature of nursing work, a scenario that predispos...
ABSTRACT Access to family planning services and contraception is critical with the world‟s population currently at seven billion inhabitants. Unfortunately close to 250 million people do not have the means to control their fertility. According to KDHS of 2014, Kenya has a total fertility rate of 3.9%, the Contraceptive prevalence rate of 58 % and unmet need for family planning of 18 %. A discrepancy exists between the proportion of women who know about long-term and permanent family planni...
Cervical cancer disease is among leading global cancers in women and it causes reproductive tract ill health. The disease is preceded by pre cancer status identified by detection of abnormal cells in smears from the cervical wall. High risk genotype16 and 18 human papilloma virus is implicated. Other predisposing determinants include Chlamydia trachomatis infections, lifestyle and nutritional factors for example healthy diet inadequacies, and chronic reproductive tract ill health. The link be...
ABSTRACT The African elephants (Loxodonta africana) are keystone species in its ecosystem. They have been ranked by the International Union on Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as vulnerable species and are of high conservation concern. In Kenya, Arabuko Sokoke Forest (ASF) has been ranked as one of the priority areas for elephant population estimates by the IUCN African Elephant Specialist Group. This study aimed at determining the elephant population density and distribution in Arabuko Sokoke ...
Preterm birth is a global health problem. It is the leading cause of child and neonatal mortality globally including Kenya. Preterm birth is the birth occurring before 37 completed weeks of gestation. In Kenya, preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality as it contributes to 35% of deaths among the neonates while Kisumu County is among the county’s leading with child under-five mortality rate at 133 deaths per 1000 live births. The main objective of this study was to identify ...
ABSTRACT In Kenya, the transition from National to County level energy planning has experienced various challenges, one of them being the lack of reliable baseline data upon which such plans can be based. This is evident because the last comprehensive biomass study done by the Ministry of Energy was in 2002, which is too old for effective and efficient biomass energy planning. This study provides this data by analyzing the demand for and supply of fuelwood in secondary schools within the Cou...